Cryo Explorer Ethereum Mainnet

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.17;

/**
 * Based on OpenZeppelin's Ownable contract:
 * https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/access/Ownable.sol
 *
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
contract Ownable {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor () {
        _owner = msg.sender;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(address(0), msg.sender);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(isOwner(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the caller is the current owner.
     */
    function isOwner() public view returns (bool) {
        return msg.sender == _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not safe, as it doesn’t check owner is calling it.
     * Make sure you check it before calling it.
     */
    function _renounceOwnership() internal {
        emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, address(0));
        _owner = address(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.17;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import './Interfaces/IActivePool.sol';
import './Interfaces/ICollSurplusPool.sol';
import './Interfaces/IDefaultPool.sol';
import './Interfaces/IStabilityPool.sol';
import './Interfaces/IBorrowerOperations.sol';
import "./Dependencies/Ownable.sol";
import "./Dependencies/CheckContract.sol";
// import "./Dependencies/console.sol";
import "./Dependencies/SendCollateral.sol";

/*
 * The Active Pool holds the collateral and THUSD debt (but not THUSD tokens) for all active troves.
 *
 * When a trove is liquidated, it's collateral and THUSD debt are transferred from the Active Pool, to either the
 * Stability Pool, the Default Pool, or both, depending on the liquidation conditions.
 *
 */
contract ActivePool is Ownable, CheckContract, SendCollateral, IActivePool {

    string constant public NAME = "ActivePool";

    address public defaultPoolAddress;
    address public borrowerOperationsAddress;
    address public collateralAddress;
    address public collSurplusPoolAddress;
    address public stabilityPoolAddress;
    address public troveManagerAddress;
    uint256 internal collateral;  // deposited collateral tracker
    uint256 internal THUSDDebt;

    // --- Contract setters ---

    function setAddresses(
        address _borrowerOperationsAddress,
        address _troveManagerAddress,
        address _stabilityPoolAddress,
        address _defaultPoolAddress,
        address _collSurplusPoolAddress,
        address _collateralAddress
    )
        external
        onlyOwner
    {
        checkContract(_borrowerOperationsAddress);
        checkContract(_troveManagerAddress);
        checkContract(_stabilityPoolAddress);
        checkContract(_defaultPoolAddress);
        checkContract(_collSurplusPoolAddress);
        if (_collateralAddress != address(0)) {
            checkContract(_collateralAddress);
        }

        borrowerOperationsAddress = _borrowerOperationsAddress;
        troveManagerAddress = _troveManagerAddress;
        stabilityPoolAddress = _stabilityPoolAddress;
        defaultPoolAddress = _defaultPoolAddress;
        collateralAddress = _collateralAddress;
        collSurplusPoolAddress = _collSurplusPoolAddress;

        require(
            (Ownable(_defaultPoolAddress).owner() != address(0) || 
            IDefaultPool(_defaultPoolAddress).collateralAddress() == _collateralAddress) &&
            (Ownable(_borrowerOperationsAddress).owner() != address(0) || 
            IBorrowerOperations(_borrowerOperationsAddress).collateralAddress() == _collateralAddress) &&
            (Ownable(_stabilityPoolAddress).owner() != address(0) || 
            IStabilityPool(stabilityPoolAddress).collateralAddress() == _collateralAddress) &&
            (Ownable(_collSurplusPoolAddress).owner() != address(0) || 
            ICollSurplusPool(_collSurplusPoolAddress).collateralAddress() == _collateralAddress),
            "The same collateral address must be used for the entire set of contracts"
        );

        emit BorrowerOperationsAddressChanged(_borrowerOperationsAddress);
        emit TroveManagerAddressChanged(_troveManagerAddress);
        emit StabilityPoolAddressChanged(_stabilityPoolAddress);
        emit DefaultPoolAddressChanged(_defaultPoolAddress);
        emit CollateralAddressChanged(_collateralAddress);
        emit CollSurplusPoolAddressChanged(_collSurplusPoolAddress);

        _renounceOwnership();
    }

    // --- Getters for public variables. Required by IPool interface ---

    /*
    * Returns the collateral state variable.
    *
    * Not necessarily equal to the the contract's raw collateral balance - collateral can be forcibly sent to contracts.
    */
    function getCollateralBalance() external view override returns (uint) {
        return collateral;
    }

    function getTHUSDDebt() external view override returns (uint) {
        return THUSDDebt;
    }

    // --- Pool functionality ---

    function sendCollateral(address _account, uint256 _amount) external override {
        _requireCallerIsBOorTroveMorSP();
        collateral -= _amount;
        emit ActivePoolCollateralBalanceUpdated(collateral);
        emit CollateralSent(_account, _amount);

        sendCollateral(IERC20(collateralAddress), _account, _amount);
        if (collateralAddress == address(0)) {
            return;
        }
        if (_account == defaultPoolAddress) {
            IDefaultPool(_account).updateCollateralBalance(_amount);
        } else if (_account == collSurplusPoolAddress) {
            ICollSurplusPool(_account).updateCollateralBalance(_amount);
        } else if (_account == stabilityPoolAddress) {
            IStabilityPool(_account).updateCollateralBalance(_amount);
        }
    }

    function increaseTHUSDDebt(uint256 _amount) external override {
        _requireCallerIsBOorTroveM();
        THUSDDebt += _amount;
        emit ActivePoolTHUSDDebtUpdated(THUSDDebt);
    }

    function decreaseTHUSDDebt(uint256 _amount) external override {
        _requireCallerIsBOorTroveMorSP();
        THUSDDebt -= _amount;
        emit ActivePoolTHUSDDebtUpdated(THUSDDebt);
    }

    // --- 'require' functions ---

    function _requireCallerIsBorrowerOperationsOrDefaultPool() internal view {
        require(
            msg.sender == borrowerOperationsAddress ||
            msg.sender == defaultPoolAddress,
            "ActivePool: Caller is neither BorrowerOperations nor Default Pool");
    }

    function _requireCallerIsBOorTroveMorSP() internal view {
        require(
            msg.sender == borrowerOperationsAddress ||
            msg.sender == troveManagerAddress ||
            msg.sender == stabilityPoolAddress,
            "ActivePool: Caller is neither BorrowerOperations nor TroveManager nor StabilityPool");
    }

    function _requireCallerIsBOorTroveM() internal view {
        require(
            msg.sender == borrowerOperationsAddress ||
            msg.sender == troveManagerAddress,
            "ActivePool: Caller is neither BorrowerOperations nor TroveManager");
    }

    // When ERC20 token collateral is received this function needs to be called
    function updateCollateralBalance(uint256 _amount) external override {
        _requireCallerIsBorrowerOperationsOrDefaultPool();
        require(collateralAddress != address(0), "ActivePool: ETH collateral needed, not ERC20");
        collateral += _amount;
        emit ActivePoolCollateralBalanceUpdated(collateral);
  	}

    // --- Fallback function ---

    // This executes when the contract recieves ETH
    receive() external payable {
        _requireCallerIsBorrowerOperationsOrDefaultPool();
        require(collateralAddress == address(0), "ActivePool: ERC20 collateral needed, not ETH");
        collateral += msg.value;
        emit ActivePoolCollateralBalanceUpdated(collateral);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.17;

// Common interface for the Pools.
interface IPool {

    // --- Events ---

    event CollateralBalanceUpdated(uint256 _newBalance);
    event THUSDBalanceUpdated(uint256 _newBalance);
    event ActivePoolAddressChanged(address _newActivePoolAddress);
    event DefaultPoolAddressChanged(address _newDefaultPoolAddress);
    event StabilityPoolAddressChanged(address _newStabilityPoolAddress);
    event CollateralSent(address _to, uint256 _amount);

    // --- Functions ---

    function getCollateralBalance() external view returns (uint);

    function getTHUSDDebt() external view returns (uint);

    function increaseTHUSDDebt(uint256 _amount) external;

    function decreaseTHUSDDebt(uint256 _amount) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.17;

import "./IPool.sol";


interface IActivePool is IPool {
    // --- Events ---
    event BorrowerOperationsAddressChanged(address _newBorrowerOperationsAddress);
    event TroveManagerAddressChanged(address _newTroveManagerAddress);
    event ActivePoolTHUSDDebtUpdated(uint256 _THUSDDebt);
    event ActivePoolCollateralBalanceUpdated(uint256 _collateral);
    event CollateralAddressChanged(address _newCollateralAddress);
    event CollSurplusPoolAddressChanged(address _newCollSurplusPoolAddress);

    // --- Functions ---
    function sendCollateral(address _account, uint256 _amount) external;
    function updateCollateralBalance(uint256 _amount) external;
    function collateralAddress() external view returns(address);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.17;

import "./IPool.sol";


interface IDefaultPool is IPool {
    // --- Events ---
    event TroveManagerAddressChanged(address _newTroveManagerAddress);
    event DefaultPoolTHUSDDebtUpdated(uint256 _THUSDDebt);
    event DefaultPoolCollateralBalanceUpdated(uint256 _collateral);
    event CollateralAddressChanged(address _newCollateralAddress);

    // --- Functions ---
    function sendCollateralToActivePool(uint256 _amount) external;
    function updateCollateralBalance(uint256 _amount) external;
    function collateralAddress() external view returns(address);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.17;

/*
 * The Stability Pool holds THUSD tokens deposited by Stability Pool depositors.
 *
 * When a trove is liquidated, then depending on system conditions, some of its THUSD debt gets offset with
 * THUSD in the Stability Pool:  that is, the offset debt evaporates, and an equal amount of THUSD tokens in the Stability Pool is burned.
 *
 * Thus, a liquidation causes each depositor to receive a THUSD loss, in proportion to their deposit as a share of total deposits.
 * They also receive an collateral gain, as the collateral of the liquidated trove is distributed among Stability depositors,
 * in the same proportion.
 *
 * When a liquidation occurs, it depletes every deposit by the same fraction: for example, a liquidation that depletes 40%
 * of the total THUSD in the Stability Pool, depletes 40% of each deposit.
 *
 * A deposit that has experienced a series of liquidations is termed a "compounded deposit": each liquidation depletes the deposit,
 * multiplying it by some factor in range ]0,1[
 *
 * Please see the implementation spec in the proof document, which closely follows on from the compounded deposit / collateral gain derivations:
 * https://github.com/liquity/liquity/blob/master/papers/Scalable_Reward_Distribution_with_Compounding_Stakes.pdf
 *
 */
interface IStabilityPool {

    // --- Events ---

    event StabilityPoolCollateralBalanceUpdated(uint256 _newBalance);
    event StabilityPoolTHUSDBalanceUpdated(uint256 _newBalance);

    event BorrowerOperationsAddressChanged(address _newBorrowerOperationsAddress);
    event TroveManagerAddressChanged(address _newTroveManagerAddress);
    event ActivePoolAddressChanged(address _newActivePoolAddress);
    event DefaultPoolAddressChanged(address _newDefaultPoolAddress);
    event THUSDTokenAddressChanged(address _newTHUSDTokenAddress);
    event SortedTrovesAddressChanged(address _newSortedTrovesAddress);
    event PriceFeedAddressChanged(address _newPriceFeedAddress);
    event CollateralAddressChanged(address _newCollateralAddress);

    event P_Updated(uint256 _P);
    event S_Updated(uint256 _S, uint128 _epoch, uint128 _scale);
    event EpochUpdated(uint128 _currentEpoch);
    event ScaleUpdated(uint128 _currentScale);

    event DepositSnapshotUpdated(address indexed _depositor, uint256 _P, uint256 _S);
    event UserDepositChanged(address indexed _depositor, uint256 _newDeposit);

    event CollateralGainWithdrawn(address indexed _depositor, uint256 _collateral, uint256 _THUSDLoss);
    event CollateralSent(address _to, uint256 _amount);

    // --- Functions ---

    /*
     * Called only once on init, to set addresses of other Liquity contracts
     * Callable only by owner, renounces ownership at the end
     */
    function setAddresses(
        address _borrowerOperationsAddress,
        address _troveManagerAddress,
        address _activePoolAddress,
        address _thusdTokenAddress,
        address _sortedTrovesAddress,
        address _priceFeedAddress,
        address _collateralAddress
    ) external;

    /*
     * Initial checks:
     * - _amount is not zero
     * ---
     * - Sends depositor's accumulated gains (collateral) to depositor
     */
    function provideToSP(uint256 _amount) external;

    /*
     * Initial checks:
     * - _amount is zero or there are no under collateralized troves left in the system
     * - User has a non zero deposit
     * ---
     * - Sends all depositor's accumulated gains (collateral) to depositor
     * - Decreases deposit stake, and takes new snapshot.
     *
     * If _amount > userDeposit, the user withdraws all of their compounded deposit.
     */
    function withdrawFromSP(uint256 _amount) external;

    /*
     * Initial checks:
     * - User has a non zero deposit
     * - User has an open trove
     * - User has some collateral gain
     * ---
     * - Transfers the depositor's entire collateral gain from the Stability Pool to the caller's trove
     * - Leaves their compounded deposit in the Stability Pool
     * - Updates snapshots for deposit
     */
    function withdrawCollateralGainToTrove(address _upperHint, address _lowerHint) external;

    /*
     * Initial checks:
     * - Caller is TroveManager
     * ---
     * Cancels out the specified debt against the THUSD contained in the Stability Pool (as far as possible)
     * and transfers the Trove's collateral from ActivePool to StabilityPool.
     * Only called by liquidation functions in the TroveManager.
     */
    function offset(uint256 _debt, uint256 _coll) external;

    /*
     * Returns the total amount of collateral held by the pool, accounted in an internal variable instead of `balance`,
     * to exclude edge cases like collateral received from a self-destruct.
     */
    function getCollateralBalance() external view returns (uint);

    /*
     * Returns THUSD held in the pool. Changes when users deposit/withdraw, and when Trove debt is offset.
     */
    function getTotalTHUSDDeposits() external view returns (uint);

    /*
     * Calculates the collateral gain earned by the deposit since its last snapshots were taken.
     */
    function getDepositorCollateralGain(address _depositor) external view returns (uint);

    /*
     * Return the user's compounded deposit.
     */
    function getCompoundedTHUSDDeposit(address _depositor) external view returns (uint);

    /*
     * Only callable by Active Pool, updates ERC20 tokens recieved
     */
    function updateCollateralBalance(uint256 _amount) external;
    /*
     * Fallback function
     * Only callable by Active Pool, it just accounts for ETH received
     * receive() external payable;
     */
    
    function collateralAddress() external view returns(address);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.17;


contract CheckContract {
    /**
     * Check that the account is an already deployed non-destroyed contract.
     * See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/blob/master/contracts/utils/Address.sol#L12
     */
    function checkContract(address _account) internal view {
        require(_account != address(0), "Account cannot be zero address");

        uint256 size;
        // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
        assembly { size := extcodesize(_account) }
        require(size > 0, "Account code size cannot be zero");
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     *
     * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within
     * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`,
     * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction.
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.17;


import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";


contract SendCollateral {
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20;

    /**
     * Sends collateral to recipient
     */
    function sendCollateral(IERC20 _collateralERC20, address _recipient, uint256 _amount) internal {
        if (address(_collateralERC20) == address(0)) {
            // ETH
            // require(_amount <= address(this).balance, "Not enough ETH");
            (bool success, ) = _recipient.call{ value: _amount }(""); // re-entry is fine here
            require(success, "Sending ETH failed");
        } else {
            // ERC20
            // require(_amount <= _collateralERC20.balanceOf(address(this)), "Not enough collateral");
            _collateralERC20.safeTransfer(_recipient, _amount); 
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * Sends collateral to recipient
     */
    function sendCollateralFrom(IERC20 _collateralERC20, address _from, address _recipient, uint256 _amount) internal {
        if (address(_collateralERC20) == address(0)) {
            // ETH
            // require(_amount <= address(this).balance, "Not enough ETH");
            (bool success, ) = _recipient.call{ value: _amount }(""); // re-entry is fine here
            require(success, "Sending ETH failed");
        } else {
            // ERC20
            // require(_amount <= _collateralERC20.balanceOf(address(this)), "Not enough collateral");
            _collateralERC20.safeTransferFrom(_from, _recipient, _amount);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.17;


interface ICollSurplusPool {

    // --- Events ---

    event BorrowerOperationsAddressChanged(address _newBorrowerOperationsAddress);
    event TroveManagerAddressChanged(address _newTroveManagerAddress);
    event ActivePoolAddressChanged(address _newActivePoolAddress);
    event CollateralAddressChanged(address _newCollateralAddress);

    event CollBalanceUpdated(address indexed _account, uint256 _newBalance);
    event CollateralSent(address _to, uint256 _amount);

    // --- Contract setters ---

    function setAddresses(
        address _borrowerOperationsAddress,
        address _troveManagerAddress,
        address _activePoolAddress,
        address _collateralAddress
    ) external;

    function getCollateralBalance() external view returns (uint);

    function getCollateral(address _account) external view returns (uint);

    function accountSurplus(address _account, uint256 _amount) external;

    function claimColl(address _account) external;

    function updateCollateralBalance(uint256 _amount) external;
    
    function collateralAddress() external view returns(address);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.17;

// Common interface for the Trove Manager.
interface IBorrowerOperations {

    // --- Events ---

    event TroveManagerAddressChanged(address _newTroveManagerAddress);
    event ActivePoolAddressChanged(address _activePoolAddress);
    event DefaultPoolAddressChanged(address _defaultPoolAddress);
    event StabilityPoolAddressChanged(address _stabilityPoolAddress);
    event GasPoolAddressChanged(address _gasPoolAddress);
    event CollSurplusPoolAddressChanged(address _collSurplusPoolAddress);
    event PriceFeedAddressChanged(address  _newPriceFeedAddress);
    event SortedTrovesAddressChanged(address _sortedTrovesAddress);
    event THUSDTokenAddressChanged(address _thusdTokenAddress);
    event PCVAddressChanged(address _pcvAddress);
    event CollateralAddressChanged(address _newCollateralAddress);

    event TroveCreated(address indexed _borrower, uint256 arrayIndex);
    event TroveUpdated(address indexed _borrower, uint256 _debt, uint256 _coll, uint256 stake, uint8 operation);
    event THUSDBorrowingFeePaid(address indexed _borrower, uint256 _THUSDFee);

    // --- Functions ---

    function setAddresses(
        address _troveManagerAddress,
        address _activePoolAddress,
        address _defaultPoolAddress,
        address _stabilityPoolAddress,
        address _gasPoolAddress,
        address _collSurplusPoolAddress,
        address _priceFeedAddress,
        address _sortedTrovesAddress,
        address _thusdTokenAddress,
        address _pcvAddress,
        address _collateralAddress

    ) external;

    function openTrove(uint256 _maxFee, uint256 _THUSDAmount, uint256 _assetAmount, address _upperHint, address _lowerHint) external payable;

    function addColl(uint256 _assetAmount, address _upperHint, address _lowerHint) external payable;

    function moveCollateralGainToTrove(address _user, uint256 _assetAmount, address _upperHint, address _lowerHint) external payable;

    function withdrawColl(uint256 _amount, address _upperHint, address _lowerHint) external;

    function withdrawTHUSD(uint256 _maxFee, uint256 _amount, address _upperHint, address _lowerHint) external;

    function repayTHUSD(uint256 _amount, address _upperHint, address _lowerHint) external;

    function closeTrove() external;

    function adjustTrove(uint256 _maxFee, uint256 _collWithdrawal, uint256 _debtChange, bool isDebtIncrease, uint256 _assetAmount, address _upperHint, address _lowerHint) external payable;

    function claimCollateral() external;

    function getCompositeDebt(uint256 _debt) external pure returns (uint);

    function collateralAddress() external view returns(address);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20.sol";
import "../extensions/IERC20Permit.sol";
import "../../../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
    using Address for address;

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from the calling contract to `to`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransfer(IERC20 token, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from `from` to `to`, spending the approval given by `from` to the
     * calling contract. If `token` returns no value, non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(IERC20 token, address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
     * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
     *
     * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
     * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
     */
    function safeApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
        // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
        // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
        require(
            (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
            "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
        );
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Increase the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeIncreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, oldAllowance + value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Decrease the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeDecreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        unchecked {
            uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
            require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, oldAllowance - value));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Set the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` to `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful. Compatible with tokens that require the approval to be set to
     * 0 before setting it to a non-zero value.
     */
    function forceApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        bytes memory approvalCall = abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value);

        if (!_callOptionalReturnBool(token, approvalCall)) {
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, 0));
            _callOptionalReturn(token, approvalCall);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Use a ERC-2612 signature to set the `owner` approval toward `spender` on `token`.
     * Revert on invalid signature.
     */
    function safePermit(
        IERC20Permit token,
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal {
        uint256 nonceBefore = token.nonces(owner);
        token.permit(owner, spender, value, deadline, v, r, s);
        uint256 nonceAfter = token.nonces(owner);
        require(nonceAfter == nonceBefore + 1, "SafeERC20: permit did not succeed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     */
    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address-functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
        // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.

        bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");
        require(returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     *
     * This is a variant of {_callOptionalReturn} that silents catches all reverts and returns a bool instead.
     */
    function _callOptionalReturnBool(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private returns (bool) {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We cannot use {Address-functionCall} here since this should return false
        // and not revert is the subcall reverts.

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = address(token).call(data);
        return
            success && (returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool))) && Address.isContract(address(token));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}