Cryo Explorer Ethereum Mainnet

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.11;


import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import "./utils/ERC721.sol";


error NoTokensLeft();
error TooManyMintForTier();
error NotEnoughETH();
error NotOnWhitelist();
error DoesNotExist();
error WhitelistMintNotStarted();
error MintNotStarted();
error EmptyBalance();
error SwapNotOn();
error CantMintMoreThanOnce();
error AlreadyMintedWhitelist();


/// @title  ApeX contract 
/// @author @CrossChainLabs (https://canthedevsdosomething.com) 
contract ApeX is ERC721, Ownable {
    using Strings for uint256;
    

     /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                                   AUTH
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    address constant gnosisSafeAddress = 0xBC3eD63c8DB00B47471CfBD747632E24be5Cb5cd;
    address constant devWallet = 0x29c36265c63fE0C3d024b2E4d204b49deeFdD671;
    
    /// public key for whitelist
    address private signer;

    /// Payout wallets 
    address[14] private _contributorWallets;

    /// Contributor share split
    mapping(address => uint256) private _contributorShares;


    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                               MINT INFO
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    uint256 constant public maxSupply = 4400 + 44;
    uint256 constant public mintPrice = 0.1 ether;
    bool public whitelistMintStarted = false;
    bool public mintStarted = false;
    bool public revealed = false;
    string public nonRevealedBaseURI;
    string public baseURI;

    /// @notice Maps address to bool if they have minted or not
    mapping(address => bool) public hasMinted;
    mapping(address => bool) public hasWhitelistMinted;

    /// @notice Maps 1:1 for address and free amount
    uint256[24] private _freeMintAmounts;
    address[24] private _freeMintWallets;

    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                                MODIFIERS
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    modifier onlyOwnerOrDev {
        require(msg.sender == gnosisSafeAddress || msg.sender == devWallet || msg.sender == owner());
        _;
    }

     modifier onlyTokenOwner(uint256 _tokenId) {
        require(msg.sender == ownerOf[_tokenId], "Only token owner can swap");
        _;
    }

    modifier amountLessThanTotalSupply (uint16 _amount) {
        if(totalSupply + _amount > maxSupply) revert NoTokensLeft();
        _;
    }

    modifier hasMintStarted {
        if(!mintStarted) revert MintNotStarted();
        _;
    }

    modifier isEnoughETH(uint16 amount) {
        if (msg.value < amount * mintPrice) revert NotEnoughETH();
        _;
    }

    modifier hasWalletMintedBefore() {
        if (hasMinted[msg.sender] == true) revert CantMintMoreThanOnce();
        _;
    }

    modifier hasWhitelistWalletMintedBefore(address _receiver) {
        if (hasWhitelistMinted[_receiver] == true) revert AlreadyMintedWhitelist();
        _;
    }

    modifier isMintingLessThanMaxMint(uint16 _amount) {
        require(_amount < 4, "Max mints per mint is 3");
        _;
    }


    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                              CONSTRUCTOR
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    /// @notice Mints 50 to the DAO Gnosis multisig wallet, sets the wallets, shares, airdrop free mints
    constructor (
        string memory _nonRevealedBaseURI, 
        uint256[14] memory shares, 
        address[14] memory wallets,
        address[24] memory freeMintAddresses,
        uint256[24] memory freeMintAmounts
        ) 
        ERC721("ApeX", "APEX") {
        
        nonRevealedBaseURI = _nonRevealedBaseURI;
        _freeMintWallets = freeMintAddresses;
        _freeMintAmounts = freeMintAmounts;
        signer = 0x53D5A3a2405705487d10CA08B61F07DEfCf7BcdD;


        /// @notice Initializes the contributor Amount
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < wallets.length; i++) {
            /// set the wallets
            _contributorWallets[i] = wallets[i];

            /// set the shares
            _contributorShares[_contributorWallets[i]] = shares[i];
        }
    }

    /// @dev Airdrop to the DAO multisig wallet and freeminters 
    function airdrop() external onlyOwner {
        /// loop through wallets array
        /// Hardcode to 24 since we know that's how long the list is
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < 24; i++) {
            
            uint256 numAllowed = _freeMintAmounts[i];
            address recipient = _freeMintWallets[i];
            /// loop through amount array
            for (uint256 j = 0; j < numAllowed; j++) {
                
                /// airdrop NFT to the freeminter
                _mint(recipient, totalSupply + 1);
            }
        }
    }


    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                            WHITELIST LOGIC
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    function whitelistMint(uint16 amount, address _address, uint256 _numAllowed, bytes calldata _voucher) external payable 
        amountLessThanTotalSupply(amount) 
        isEnoughETH(amount) 
        hasWhitelistWalletMintedBefore(_address)
    {
        /// @notice Someone cant use someone elses voucher and mint for their own address
        require(msg.sender == _address, "Only the contributor can mint"); 
        if (!whitelistMintStarted) revert WhitelistMintNotStarted();
        require(amount <= _numAllowed, "Cannot mint more than allocated amount"); 
        
        /// confirm address and tier is coming from the correct source (frontend)
        bytes32 hash = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(_address, _numAllowed));
        if(_verifySignature(signer, hash, _voucher) == false) revert NotOnWhitelist();
        hasWhitelistMinted[_address] = true;

        unchecked {
            for (uint16 i = 0; i < amount; i++) {
                _mint(_address, totalSupply + 1);
            }
        }
    }

    function toggleWhitelistMint() public onlyOwnerOrDev {
        whitelistMintStarted = !whitelistMintStarted;
    }

    function toggleGeneralMint() public onlyOwnerOrDev {
        mintStarted = !mintStarted;
    }

    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                            MINTING LOGIC
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    function generalMint(uint16 amount) external payable 
        isMintingLessThanMaxMint(amount)
        amountLessThanTotalSupply(amount) 
        isEnoughETH(amount) 
        hasMintStarted 
        hasWalletMintedBefore
    {
        require(tx.origin == msg.sender, "No contract to contract calls");
        hasMinted[msg.sender] = true;

        unchecked {
            for (uint16 index = 0; index < amount; index++) {
                _mint(msg.sender, totalSupply + 1);
            }   
        }
    }

    /// @notice Withdraw to Gnosis multisig and associated wallets
    function withdraw() external onlyOwnerOrDev {
        if (address(this).balance == 0) revert EmptyBalance();
        uint256 currentBalance = address(this).balance;
        for (uint256 i=0; i < _contributorWallets.length; i++) {
            payable(_contributorWallets[i]).transfer(
                currentBalance * _contributorShares[_contributorWallets[i]] / 10000
            );
        }
    }


    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                                METADATA 
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    function tokenURI(uint256 id) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        if (ownerOf[id] == address(0)) revert DoesNotExist();

        if (revealed == false) {
            return string(abi.encodePacked(nonRevealedBaseURI, id.toString()));
        }
        return string(abi.encodePacked(baseURI, id.toString()));
    }

    function setBaseURI(string memory _newBaseURI) public onlyOwnerOrDev {
        baseURI = _newBaseURI;
    }

    function reveal(string memory _baseUri) public onlyOwnerOrDev {
        setBaseURI(_baseUri);
        revealed = true;
    }

    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                            SIGNING LOGIC
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    function setSigner(address _signer) external onlyOwnerOrDev {
        signer = _signer;
    }

    /// @dev Verify the frontend signature
    function _verifySignature(address _signer, bytes32 _hash, bytes memory _signature) private pure returns (bool) {
        return _signer == ECDSA.recover(ECDSA.toEthSignedMessageHash(_hash), _signature);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
pragma solidity >=0.8.0;

/// @notice Modern, minimalist, and gas efficient ERC-721 implementation.
/// @author Solmate (https://github.com/distractedm1nd/solmate/blob/main/src/tokens/ERC721.sol)
/// @dev Note that balanceOf does not revert if passed the zero address, in defiance of the ERC.
abstract contract ERC721 {
    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                                 EVENTS
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed id);

    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 indexed id);

    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                          METADATA STORAGE/LOGIC
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    string public name;

    string public symbol;

    function tokenURI(uint256 id) public view virtual returns (string memory);

    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                            ERC721 STORAGE                        
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    uint256 public totalSupply;

    mapping(address => uint256) public balanceOf;

    mapping(uint256 => address) public ownerOf;

    mapping(uint256 => address) public getApproved;

    mapping(address => mapping(address => bool)) public isApprovedForAll;

    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                              CONSTRUCTOR
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    constructor(string memory _name, string memory _symbol) {
        name = _name;
        symbol = _symbol;
    }

    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                              ERC721 LOGIC
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    function approve(address spender, uint256 id) public virtual {
        address owner = ownerOf[id];

        require(msg.sender == owner || isApprovedForAll[owner][msg.sender], "NOT_AUTHORIZED");

        getApproved[id] = spender;

        emit Approval(owner, spender, id);
    }

    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual {
        isApprovedForAll[msg.sender][operator] = approved;

        emit ApprovalForAll(msg.sender, operator, approved);
    }

    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id
    ) public virtual {
        require(from == ownerOf[id], "WRONG_FROM");

        require(to != address(0), "INVALID_RECIPIENT");

        require(
            msg.sender == from || msg.sender == getApproved[id] || isApprovedForAll[from][msg.sender],
            "NOT_AUTHORIZED"
        );

        // Underflow of the sender's balance is impossible because we check for
        // ownership above and the recipient's balance can't realistically overflow.
        unchecked {
            balanceOf[from]--;

            balanceOf[to]++;
        }

        ownerOf[id] = to;

        delete getApproved[id];

        emit Transfer(from, to, id);
    }

    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id
    ) public virtual {
        transferFrom(from, to, id);

        require(
            to.code.length == 0 ||
                ERC721TokenReceiver(to).onERC721Received(msg.sender, from, id, "") ==
                ERC721TokenReceiver.onERC721Received.selector,
            "UNSAFE_RECIPIENT"
        );
    }

    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual {
        transferFrom(from, to, id);

        require(
            to.code.length == 0 ||
                ERC721TokenReceiver(to).onERC721Received(msg.sender, from, id, data) ==
                ERC721TokenReceiver.onERC721Received.selector,
            "UNSAFE_RECIPIENT"
        );
    }

    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                              ERC165 LOGIC
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public pure virtual returns (bool) {
        return
            interfaceId == 0x01ffc9a7 || // ERC165 Interface ID for ERC165
            interfaceId == 0x80ac58cd || // ERC165 Interface ID for ERC721
            interfaceId == 0x5b5e139f; // ERC165 Interface ID for ERC721Metadata
    }

    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                       INTERNAL MINT/BURN LOGIC
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    function _mint(address to, uint256 id) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "INVALID_RECIPIENT");

        require(ownerOf[id] == address(0), "ALREADY_MINTED");

        // Counter overflow is incredibly unrealistic.
        unchecked {
            totalSupply++;

            balanceOf[to]++;
        }

        ownerOf[id] = to;

        emit Transfer(address(0), to, id);
    }

    function _burn(uint256 id) internal virtual {
        address owner = ownerOf[id];

        require(ownerOf[id] != address(0), "NOT_MINTED");

        // Ownership check above ensures no underflow.
        unchecked {
            totalSupply--;

            balanceOf[owner]--;
        }

        delete ownerOf[id];

        delete getApproved[id];

        emit Transfer(owner, address(0), id);
    }

    /*///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
                       INTERNAL SAFE MINT LOGIC
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////*/

    function _safeMint(address to, uint256 id) internal virtual {
        _mint(to, id);

        require(
            to.code.length == 0 ||
                ERC721TokenReceiver(to).onERC721Received(msg.sender, address(0), id, "") ==
                ERC721TokenReceiver.onERC721Received.selector,
            "UNSAFE_RECIPIENT"
        );
    }

    function _safeMint(
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        _mint(to, id);

        require(
            to.code.length == 0 ||
                ERC721TokenReceiver(to).onERC721Received(msg.sender, address(0), id, data) ==
                ERC721TokenReceiver.onERC721Received.selector,
            "UNSAFE_RECIPIENT"
        );
    }
}

/// @notice A generic interface for a contract which properly accepts ERC721 tokens.
/// @author Solmate (https://github.com/Rari-Capital/solmate/blob/main/src/tokens/ERC721.sol)
interface ERC721TokenReceiver {
    function onERC721Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _HEX_SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        // Inspired by OraclizeAPI's implementation - MIT licence
        // https://github.com/oraclize/ethereum-api/blob/b42146b063c7d6ee1358846c198246239e9360e8/oraclizeAPI_0.4.25.sol

        if (value == 0) {
            return "0";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 digits;
        while (temp != 0) {
            digits++;
            temp /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(digits);
        while (value != 0) {
            digits -= 1;
            buffer[digits] = bytes1(uint8(48 + uint256(value % 10)));
            value /= 10;
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (value == 0) {
            return "0x00";
        }
        uint256 temp = value;
        uint256 length = 0;
        while (temp != 0) {
            length++;
            temp >>= 8;
        }
        return toHexString(value, length);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _HEX_SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor() {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../Strings.sol";

/**
 * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.
 *
 * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder
 * of the private keys of a given address.
 */
library ECDSA {
    enum RecoverError {
        NoError,
        InvalidSignature,
        InvalidSignatureLength,
        InvalidSignatureS,
        InvalidSignatureV
    }

    function _throwError(RecoverError error) private pure {
        if (error == RecoverError.NoError) {
            return; // no error: do nothing
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignature) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature length");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature 's' value");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureV) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature 'v' value");
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature` or error string. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     *
     * Documentation for signature generation:
     * - with https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-accounts.html#sign[Web3.js]
     * - with https://docs.ethers.io/v5/api/signer/#Signer-signMessage[ethers]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        // Check the signature length
        // - case 65: r,s,v signature (standard)
        // - case 64: r,vs signature (cf https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098) _Available since v4.1._
        if (signature.length == 65) {
            bytes32 r;
            bytes32 s;
            uint8 v;
            // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
            // currently is to use assembly.
            assembly {
                r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))
            }
            return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        } else if (signature.length == 64) {
            bytes32 r;
            bytes32 vs;
            // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
            // currently is to use assembly.
            assembly {
                r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                vs := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
            }
            return tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
        } else {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature`. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, signature);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098[EIP-2098 short signatures]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 vs
    ) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        bytes32 s = vs & bytes32(0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);
        uint8 v = uint8((uint256(vs) >> 255) + 27);
        return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `r and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.2._
     */
    function recover(
        bytes32 hash,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 vs
    ) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature
        // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines
        // the valid range for s in (301): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (302): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most
        // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.
        //
        // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value
        // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or
        // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept
        // these malleable signatures as well.
        if (uint256(s) > 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS);
        }
        if (v != 27 && v != 28) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureV);
        }

        // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address
        address signer = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
        if (signer == address(0)) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignature);
        }

        return (signer, RecoverError.NoError);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     */
    function recover(
        bytes32 hash,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from a `hash`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 hash) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        // 32 is the length in bytes of hash,
        // enforced by the type signature above
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32", hash));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from `s`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes memory s) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n", Strings.toString(s.length), s));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Typed Data, created from a
     * `domainSeparator` and a `structHash`. This produces hash corresponding
     * to the one signed with the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[`eth_signTypedData`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-712.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toTypedDataHash(bytes32 domainSeparator, bytes32 structHash) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19\x01", domainSeparator, structHash));
    }
}