Cryo Explorer Ethereum Mainnet

pragma solidity ^0.5.5;

contract Utils {
    /**
     * To String
     *
     * Converts an unsigned integer to the ASCII string equivalent value
     *
     * @param _base The unsigned integer to be converted to a string
     * @return string The resulting ASCII string value
     */
    function toString(uint _base)
    internal
    pure
    returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory _tmp = new bytes(32);
        uint i;
        for(i = 0;_base > 0;i++) {
            _tmp[i] = byte(uint8((_base % 10) + 48));
            _base /= 10;
        }
        bytes memory _real = new bytes(i--);
        for(uint j = 0; j < _real.length; j++) {
            _real[j] = _tmp[i--];
        }
        return string(_real);
    }
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.5;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/ownership/Ownable.sol";

contract Minter is Ownable {

  mapping (address => bool) minters;

    function addMinter(address account) public onlyOwner {
      require(account != address(0), "Minter: zero address provided.");

      minters[account] = true;
    }

    function removeMinter(address account) public onlyOwner {
      require(account != address(0), "Minter: zero address provided.");

      minters[account] = false;
    }

    function isMinter(address account) public view returns (bool) {
      return minters[account];
    }
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.5;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/ownership/Ownable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721Metadata.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/cryptography/MerkleProof.sol";

import "./Minter.sol";
import "./Utils.sol";

interface ITokenCategories {
    function getTokenCategory(uint256 tokenId) external pure returns (string memory);
}

contract HPToken is Utils, ERC721Metadata, Ownable, Minter {

    string private _baseURI;
    address private _categoriesContrAddr;
    uint256 private _totalSupply;
    bytes32 private _rootHash;

    constructor(
        address addr,
        string memory baseURI,
        address[] memory mintersWhitelist,
        bytes32 rootHash
    ) public Ownable() ERC721Metadata("Postereum", "PE20") Minter() {
        _categoriesContrAddr = addr;
        _baseURI = baseURI;
        _rootHash = rootHash;

        addMinter(msg.sender);

        uint256 accountsCount = mintersWhitelist.length;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < accountsCount; i++) {
            addMinter(mintersWhitelist[i]);
        }
    }

    modifier onlyMinter() {
      require(isMinter(msg.sender) == true, "Caller is not a valid minter");
      _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the total amount of tokens stored by the contract.
     * @return uint256 representing the total amount of tokens
     */
    function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply;
    }

    function setCategoriesContrAddr(address addr) public onlyOwner {
        _categoriesContrAddr = addr;
    }

    /**
     * @dev External function to mint a single new token.
     * Reverts if the given token ID already exists.
     * @param to address the beneficiary that will own the minted token
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be minted
     */
    function mint(address to, uint256 tokenId) external onlyMinter {
        require(tokenId>0 && tokenId <501, "Token ID has to be in rage [1,500]");
        _mint(to, tokenId);
        _totalSupply = _totalSupply.add(1);
    }

    function mintMultiple(uint256 _tokenIdStart, address[] calldata _owners)
        external
        onlyMinter
    {
        uint256 addrcount = _owners.length;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < addrcount; i++) {
            _mint(_owners[i], _tokenIdStart + i);
            _totalSupply = _totalSupply.add(1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Public function to set calculated root hash.
     * @param rootHash bytes32 Calculated root hash of merkle proof tree
     */
    function setRootHash(bytes32 rootHash) public onlyOwner
    {
        _rootHash = rootHash;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Public function to check merkleProof and reedem token to owner.
     * @param index uint256- Token index in sorted merkle tree
     * @param tokenId uint256 - Token id
     * @param merkleProof bytes32[] memory array of a storage proof
     */
    function redeem(uint256 index, uint256 tokenId, address owner, bytes32[] memory merkleProof)
        public
        returns (uint256)
    {
        bytes32 leaf = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(index, tokenId, owner));
        require(MerkleProof.verify(merkleProof, _rootHash, leaf), "Merkle proof verification failed");

        _mint(owner, tokenId);
        _totalSupply = _totalSupply.add(1);

        return tokenId;
    }

    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (string memory) {
        string memory tokenCategoryId = ITokenCategories(_categoriesContrAddr).getTokenCategory(tokenId);

        return string(abi.encodePacked(_baseURI, "/api/v1/category/", tokenCategoryId, "/stamp/", toString(tokenId)));
    }
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

/*
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with GSN meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
contract Context {
    // Empty internal constructor, to prevent people from mistakenly deploying
    // an instance of this contract, which should be used via inheritance.
    constructor () internal { }
    // solhint-disable-previous-line no-empty-blocks

    function _msgSender() internal view returns (address payable) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        this; // silence state mutability warning without generating bytecode - see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/2691
        return msg.data;
    }
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's arithmetic operations with added overflow
 * checks.
 *
 * Arithmetic operations in Solidity wrap on overflow. This can easily result
 * in bugs, because programmers usually assume that an overflow raises an
 * error, which is the standard behavior in high level programming languages.
 * `SafeMath` restores this intuition by reverting the transaction when an
 * operation overflows.
 *
 * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
 * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
 */
library SafeMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `+` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - Addition cannot overflow.
     */
    function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 c = a + b;
        require(c >= a, "SafeMath: addition overflow");

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow (when the result is negative).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
     */
    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return sub(a, b, "SafeMath: subtraction overflow");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, reverting with custom message on
     * overflow (when the result is negative).
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `-` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - Subtraction cannot overflow.
     *
     * _Available since v2.4.0._
     */
    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(b <= a, errorMessage);
        uint256 c = a - b;

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, reverting on
     * overflow.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `*` operator.
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - Multiplication cannot overflow.
     */
    function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
        // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
        // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        uint256 c = a * b;
        require(c / a == b, "SafeMath: multiplication overflow");

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers. Reverts on
     * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
     * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
     * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return div(a, b, "SafeMath: division by zero");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the integer division of two unsigned integers. Reverts with custom message on
     * division by zero. The result is rounded towards zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `/` operator. Note: this function uses a
     * `revert` opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity
     * uses an invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     *
     * _Available since v2.4.0._
     */
    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // Solidity only automatically asserts when dividing by 0
        require(b > 0, errorMessage);
        uint256 c = a / b;
        // assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold

        return c;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
     * Reverts when dividing by zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     */
    function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return mod(a, b, "SafeMath: modulo by zero");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers. (unsigned integer modulo),
     * Reverts with custom message when dividing by zero.
     *
     * Counterpart to Solidity's `%` operator. This function uses a `revert`
     * opcode (which leaves remaining gas untouched) while Solidity uses an
     * invalid opcode to revert (consuming all remaining gas).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - The divisor cannot be zero.
     *
     * _Available since v2.4.0._
     */
    function mod(uint256 a, uint256 b, string memory errorMessage) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        require(b != 0, errorMessage);
        return a % b;
    }
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.5;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following 
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // According to EIP-1052, 0x0 is the value returned for not-yet created accounts
        // and 0xc5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470 is returned
        // for accounts without code, i.e. `keccak256('')`
        bytes32 codehash;
        bytes32 accountHash = 0xc5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470;
        // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
        assembly { codehash := extcodehash(account) }
        return (codehash != accountHash && codehash != 0x0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` into `address payable`. Note that this is
     * simply a type cast: the actual underlying value is not changed.
     *
     * _Available since v2.4.0._
     */
    function toPayable(address account) internal pure returns (address payable) {
        return address(uint160(account));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     *
     * _Available since v2.4.0._
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-call-value
        (bool success, ) = recipient.call.value(amount)("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

import "../math/SafeMath.sol";

/**
 * @title Counters
 * @author Matt Condon (@shrugs)
 * @dev Provides counters that can only be incremented or decremented by one. This can be used e.g. to track the number
 * of elements in a mapping, issuing ERC721 ids, or counting request ids.
 *
 * Include with `using Counters for Counters.Counter;`
 * Since it is not possible to overflow a 256 bit integer with increments of one, `increment` can skip the {SafeMath}
 * overflow check, thereby saving gas. This does assume however correct usage, in that the underlying `_value` is never
 * directly accessed.
 */
library Counters {
    using SafeMath for uint256;

    struct Counter {
        // This variable should never be directly accessed by users of the library: interactions must be restricted to
        // the library's function. As of Solidity v0.5.2, this cannot be enforced, though there is a proposal to add
        // this feature: see https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/4637
        uint256 _value; // default: 0
    }

    function current(Counter storage counter) internal view returns (uint256) {
        return counter._value;
    }

    function increment(Counter storage counter) internal {
        // The {SafeMath} overflow check can be skipped here, see the comment at the top
        counter._value += 1;
    }

    function decrement(Counter storage counter) internal {
        counter._value = counter._value.sub(1);
    }
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

import "../GSN/Context.sol";
/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor () internal {
        address msgSender = _msgSender();
        _owner = msgSender;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(address(0), msgSender);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        require(isOwner(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the caller is the current owner.
     */
    function isOwner() public view returns (bool) {
        return _msgSender() == _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public onlyOwner {
        emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, address(0));
        _owner = address(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        emit OwnershipTransferred(_owner, newOwner);
        _owner = newOwner;
    }
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

import "../../GSN/Context.sol";
import "./IERC721.sol";
import "./IERC721Receiver.sol";
import "../../math/SafeMath.sol";
import "../../utils/Address.sol";
import "../../drafts/Counters.sol";
import "../../introspection/ERC165.sol";

/**
 * @title ERC721 Non-Fungible Token Standard basic implementation
 * @dev see https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
contract ERC721 is Context, ERC165, IERC721 {
    using SafeMath for uint256;
    using Address for address;
    using Counters for Counters.Counter;

    // Equals to `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`
    // which can be also obtained as `IERC721Receiver(0).onERC721Received.selector`
    bytes4 private constant _ERC721_RECEIVED = 0x150b7a02;

    // Mapping from token ID to owner
    mapping (uint256 => address) private _tokenOwner;

    // Mapping from token ID to approved address
    mapping (uint256 => address) private _tokenApprovals;

    // Mapping from owner to number of owned token
    mapping (address => Counters.Counter) private _ownedTokensCount;

    // Mapping from owner to operator approvals
    mapping (address => mapping (address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

    /*
     *     bytes4(keccak256('balanceOf(address)')) == 0x70a08231
     *     bytes4(keccak256('ownerOf(uint256)')) == 0x6352211e
     *     bytes4(keccak256('approve(address,uint256)')) == 0x095ea7b3
     *     bytes4(keccak256('getApproved(uint256)')) == 0x081812fc
     *     bytes4(keccak256('setApprovalForAll(address,bool)')) == 0xa22cb465
     *     bytes4(keccak256('isApprovedForAll(address,address)')) == 0xe985e9c5
     *     bytes4(keccak256('transferFrom(address,address,uint256)')) == 0x23b872dd
     *     bytes4(keccak256('safeTransferFrom(address,address,uint256)')) == 0x42842e0e
     *     bytes4(keccak256('safeTransferFrom(address,address,uint256,bytes)')) == 0xb88d4fde
     *
     *     => 0x70a08231 ^ 0x6352211e ^ 0x095ea7b3 ^ 0x081812fc ^
     *        0xa22cb465 ^ 0xe985e9c ^ 0x23b872dd ^ 0x42842e0e ^ 0xb88d4fde == 0x80ac58cd
     */
    bytes4 private constant _INTERFACE_ID_ERC721 = 0x80ac58cd;

    constructor () public {
        // register the supported interfaces to conform to ERC721 via ERC165
        _registerInterface(_INTERFACE_ID_ERC721);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the balance of the specified address.
     * @param owner address to query the balance of
     * @return uint256 representing the amount owned by the passed address
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) public view returns (uint256) {
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: balance query for the zero address");

        return _ownedTokensCount[owner].current();
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the owner of the specified token ID.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to query the owner of
     * @return address currently marked as the owner of the given token ID
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (address) {
        address owner = _tokenOwner[tokenId];
        require(owner != address(0), "ERC721: owner query for nonexistent token");

        return owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approves another address to transfer the given token ID
     * The zero address indicates there is no approved address.
     * There can only be one approved address per token at a given time.
     * Can only be called by the token owner or an approved operator.
     * @param to address to be approved for the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be approved
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) public {
        address owner = ownerOf(tokenId);
        require(to != owner, "ERC721: approval to current owner");

        require(_msgSender() == owner || isApprovedForAll(owner, _msgSender()),
            "ERC721: approve caller is not owner nor approved for all"
        );

        _tokenApprovals[tokenId] = to;
        emit Approval(owner, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the approved address for a token ID, or zero if no address set
     * Reverts if the token ID does not exist.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to query the approval of
     * @return address currently approved for the given token ID
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (address) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: approved query for nonexistent token");

        return _tokenApprovals[tokenId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets or unsets the approval of a given operator
     * An operator is allowed to transfer all tokens of the sender on their behalf.
     * @param to operator address to set the approval
     * @param approved representing the status of the approval to be set
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address to, bool approved) public {
        require(to != _msgSender(), "ERC721: approve to caller");

        _operatorApprovals[_msgSender()][to] = approved;
        emit ApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), to, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tells whether an operator is approved by a given owner.
     * @param owner owner address which you want to query the approval of
     * @param operator operator address which you want to query the approval of
     * @return bool whether the given operator is approved by the given owner
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view returns (bool) {
        return _operatorApprovals[owner][operator];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address.
     * Usage of this method is discouraged, use {safeTransferFrom} whenever possible.
     * Requires the msg.sender to be the owner, approved, or operator.
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public {
        //solhint-disable-next-line max-line-length
        require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: transfer caller is not owner nor approved");

        _transferFrom(from, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address
     * If the target address is a contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received},
     * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
     * the transfer is reverted.
     * Requires the msg.sender to be the owner, approved, or operator
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public {
        safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address
     * If the target address is a contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received},
     * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
     * the transfer is reverted.
     * Requires the _msgSender() to be the owner, approved, or operator
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @param _data bytes data to send along with a safe transfer check
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data) public {
        require(_isApprovedOrOwner(_msgSender(), tokenId), "ERC721: transfer caller is not owner nor approved");
        _safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, _data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers the ownership of a given token ID to another address
     * If the target address is a contract, it must implement `onERC721Received`,
     * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
     * the transfer is reverted.
     * Requires the msg.sender to be the owner, approved, or operator
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @param _data bytes data to send along with a safe transfer check
     */
    function _safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data) internal {
        _transferFrom(from, to, tokenId);
        require(_checkOnERC721Received(from, to, tokenId, _data), "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether the specified token exists.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to query the existence of
     * @return bool whether the token exists
     */
    function _exists(uint256 tokenId) internal view returns (bool) {
        address owner = _tokenOwner[tokenId];
        return owner != address(0);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether the given spender can transfer a given token ID.
     * @param spender address of the spender to query
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @return bool whether the msg.sender is approved for the given token ID,
     * is an operator of the owner, or is the owner of the token
     */
    function _isApprovedOrOwner(address spender, uint256 tokenId) internal view returns (bool) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: operator query for nonexistent token");
        address owner = ownerOf(tokenId);
        return (spender == owner || getApproved(tokenId) == spender || isApprovedForAll(owner, spender));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to safely mint a new token.
     * Reverts if the given token ID already exists.
     * If the target address is a contract, it must implement `onERC721Received`,
     * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
     * the transfer is reverted.
     * @param to The address that will own the minted token
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be minted
     */
    function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        _safeMint(to, tokenId, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to safely mint a new token.
     * Reverts if the given token ID already exists.
     * If the target address is a contract, it must implement `onERC721Received`,
     * which is called upon a safe transfer, and return the magic value
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`; otherwise,
     * the transfer is reverted.
     * @param to The address that will own the minted token
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be minted
     * @param _data bytes data to send along with a safe transfer check
     */
    function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data) internal {
        _mint(to, tokenId);
        require(_checkOnERC721Received(address(0), to, tokenId, _data), "ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to mint a new token.
     * Reverts if the given token ID already exists.
     * @param to The address that will own the minted token
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be minted
     */
    function _mint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC721: mint to the zero address");
        require(!_exists(tokenId), "ERC721: token already minted");

        _tokenOwner[tokenId] = to;
        _ownedTokensCount[to].increment();

        emit Transfer(address(0), to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to burn a specific token.
     * Reverts if the token does not exist.
     * Deprecated, use {_burn} instead.
     * @param owner owner of the token to burn
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token being burned
     */
    function _burn(address owner, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        require(ownerOf(tokenId) == owner, "ERC721: burn of token that is not own");

        _clearApproval(tokenId);

        _ownedTokensCount[owner].decrement();
        _tokenOwner[tokenId] = address(0);

        emit Transfer(owner, address(0), tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to burn a specific token.
     * Reverts if the token does not exist.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token being burned
     */
    function _burn(uint256 tokenId) internal {
        _burn(ownerOf(tokenId), tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to transfer ownership of a given token ID to another address.
     * As opposed to {transferFrom}, this imposes no restrictions on msg.sender.
     * @param from current owner of the token
     * @param to address to receive the ownership of the given token ID
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     */
    function _transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        require(ownerOf(tokenId) == from, "ERC721: transfer of token that is not own");
        require(to != address(0), "ERC721: transfer to the zero address");

        _clearApproval(tokenId);

        _ownedTokensCount[from].decrement();
        _ownedTokensCount[to].increment();

        _tokenOwner[tokenId] = to;

        emit Transfer(from, to, tokenId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to invoke {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on a target address.
     * The call is not executed if the target address is not a contract.
     *
     * This is an internal detail of the `ERC721` contract and its use is deprecated.
     * @param from address representing the previous owner of the given token ID
     * @param to target address that will receive the tokens
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     * @param _data bytes optional data to send along with the call
     * @return bool whether the call correctly returned the expected magic value
     */
    function _checkOnERC721Received(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory _data)
        internal returns (bool)
    {
        if (!to.isContract()) {
            return true;
        }
        // solhint-disable-next-line avoid-low-level-calls
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = to.call(abi.encodeWithSelector(
            IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received.selector,
            _msgSender(),
            from,
            tokenId,
            _data
        ));
        if (!success) {
            if (returndata.length > 0) {
                // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
                assembly {
                    let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                    revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                }
            } else {
                revert("ERC721: transfer to non ERC721Receiver implementer");
            }
        } else {
            bytes4 retval = abi.decode(returndata, (bytes4));
            return (retval == _ERC721_RECEIVED);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Private function to clear current approval of a given token ID.
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token to be transferred
     */
    function _clearApproval(uint256 tokenId) private {
        if (_tokenApprovals[tokenId] != address(0)) {
            _tokenApprovals[tokenId] = address(0);
        }
    }
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

import "./IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts may inherit from this and call {_registerInterface} to declare
 * their support of an interface.
 */
contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
    /*
     * bytes4(keccak256('supportsInterface(bytes4)')) == 0x01ffc9a7
     */
    bytes4 private constant _INTERFACE_ID_ERC165 = 0x01ffc9a7;

    /**
     * @dev Mapping of interface ids to whether or not it's supported.
     */
    mapping(bytes4 => bool) private _supportedInterfaces;

    constructor () internal {
        // Derived contracts need only register support for their own interfaces,
        // we register support for ERC165 itself here
        _registerInterface(_INTERFACE_ID_ERC165);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     *
     * Time complexity O(1), guaranteed to always use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool) {
        return _supportedInterfaces[interfaceId];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Registers the contract as an implementer of the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. Support of the actual ERC165 interface is automatic and
     * registering its interface id is not required.
     *
     * See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `interfaceId` cannot be the ERC165 invalid interface (`0xffffffff`).
     */
    function _registerInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) internal {
        require(interfaceId != 0xffffffff, "ERC165: invalid interface id");
        _supportedInterfaces[interfaceId] = true;
    }
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

import "../../introspection/IERC165.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC721 compliant contract.
 */
contract IERC721 is IERC165 {
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of NFTs in `owner`'s account.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) public view returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the owner of the NFT specified by `tokenId`.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Transfers a specific NFT (`tokenId`) from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     *
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - `from`, `to` cannot be zero.
     * - `tokenId` must be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be have been allowed to move this
     * NFT by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public;
    /**
     * @dev Transfers a specific NFT (`tokenId`) from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Requirements:
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this NFT by
     * either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public;
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) public;
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (address operator);

    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool _approved) public;
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view returns (bool);


    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory data) public;
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

/**
 * @dev These functions deal with verification of Merkle trees (hash trees),
 */
library MerkleProof {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if a `leaf` can be proved to be a part of a Merkle tree
     * defined by `root`. For this, a `proof` must be provided, containing
     * sibling hashes on the branch from the leaf to the root of the tree. Each
     * pair of leaves and each pair of pre-images are assumed to be sorted.
     */
    function verify(bytes32[] memory proof, bytes32 root, bytes32 leaf) internal pure returns (bool) {
        bytes32 computedHash = leaf;

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < proof.length; i++) {
            bytes32 proofElement = proof[i];

            if (computedHash <= proofElement) {
                // Hash(current computed hash + current element of the proof)
                computedHash = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(computedHash, proofElement));
            } else {
                // Hash(current element of the proof + current computed hash)
                computedHash = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(proofElement, computedHash));
            }
        }

        // Check if the computed hash (root) is equal to the provided root
        return computedHash == root;
    }
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

import "../../GSN/Context.sol";
import "./ERC721.sol";
import "./IERC721Metadata.sol";
import "../../introspection/ERC165.sol";

contract ERC721Metadata is Context, ERC165, ERC721, IERC721Metadata {
    // Token name
    string private _name;

    // Token symbol
    string private _symbol;

    // Base URI
    string private _baseURI;

    // Optional mapping for token URIs
    mapping(uint256 => string) private _tokenURIs;

    /*
     *     bytes4(keccak256('name()')) == 0x06fdde03
     *     bytes4(keccak256('symbol()')) == 0x95d89b41
     *     bytes4(keccak256('tokenURI(uint256)')) == 0xc87b56dd
     *
     *     => 0x06fdde03 ^ 0x95d89b41 ^ 0xc87b56dd == 0x5b5e139f
     */
    bytes4 private constant _INTERFACE_ID_ERC721_METADATA = 0x5b5e139f;

    /**
     * @dev Constructor function
     */
    constructor (string memory name, string memory symbol) public {
        _name = name;
        _symbol = symbol;

        // register the supported interfaces to conform to ERC721 via ERC165
        _registerInterface(_INTERFACE_ID_ERC721_METADATA);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the token name.
     * @return string representing the token name
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Gets the token symbol.
     * @return string representing the token symbol
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the URI for a given token ID. May return an empty string.
     *
     * If the token's URI is non-empty and a base URI was set (via
     * {_setBaseURI}), it will be added to the token ID's URI as a prefix.
     *
     * Reverts if the token ID does not exist.
     */
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (string memory) {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721Metadata: URI query for nonexistent token");

        string memory _tokenURI = _tokenURIs[tokenId];

        // Even if there is a base URI, it is only appended to non-empty token-specific URIs
        if (bytes(_tokenURI).length == 0) {
            return "";
        } else {
            // abi.encodePacked is being used to concatenate strings
            return string(abi.encodePacked(_baseURI, _tokenURI));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to set the token URI for a given token.
     *
     * Reverts if the token ID does not exist.
     *
     * TIP: if all token IDs share a prefix (e.g. if your URIs look like
     * `http://api.myproject.com/token/<id>`), use {_setBaseURI} to store
     * it and save gas.
     */
    function _setTokenURI(uint256 tokenId, string memory _tokenURI) internal {
        require(_exists(tokenId), "ERC721Metadata: URI set of nonexistent token");
        _tokenURIs[tokenId] = _tokenURI;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to set the base URI for all token IDs. It is
     * automatically added as a prefix to the value returned in {tokenURI}.
     *
     * _Available since v2.5.0._
     */
    function _setBaseURI(string memory baseURI) internal {
        _baseURI = baseURI;
    }

    /**
    * @dev Returns the base URI set via {_setBaseURI}. This will be
    * automatically added as a preffix in {tokenURI} to each token's URI, when
    * they are non-empty.
    *
    * _Available since v2.5.0._
    */
    function baseURI() external view returns (string memory) {
        return _baseURI;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Internal function to burn a specific token.
     * Reverts if the token does not exist.
     * Deprecated, use _burn(uint256) instead.
     * @param owner owner of the token to burn
     * @param tokenId uint256 ID of the token being burned by the msg.sender
     */
    function _burn(address owner, uint256 tokenId) internal {
        super._burn(owner, tokenId);

        // Clear metadata (if any)
        if (bytes(_tokenURIs[tokenId]).length != 0) {
            delete _tokenURIs[tokenId];
        }
    }
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

import "./IERC721.sol";

/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional metadata extension
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
contract IERC721Metadata is IERC721 {
    function name() external view returns (string memory);
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (string memory);
}

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

/**
 * @title ERC721 token receiver interface
 * @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support safeTransfers
 * from ERC721 asset contracts.
 */
contract IERC721Receiver {
    /**
     * @notice Handle the receipt of an NFT
     * @dev The ERC721 smart contract calls this function on the recipient
     * after a {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}. This function MUST return the function selector,
     * otherwise the caller will revert the transaction. The selector to be
     * returned can be obtained as `this.onERC721Received.selector`. This
     * function MAY throw to revert and reject the transfer.
     * Note: the ERC721 contract address is always the message sender.
     * @param operator The address which called `safeTransferFrom` function
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param tokenId The NFT identifier which is being transferred
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return bytes4 `bytes4(keccak256("onERC721Received(address,address,uint256,bytes)"))`
     */
    function onERC721Received(address operator, address from, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory data)
    public returns (bytes4);
}