Forkchoice Ethereum Mainnet

Block #23,208,641

Block Hash 0x295a4fb905fe73879a30538f32218bc3c9bdd4c85cfe864794befefa37ffb6b8
Timestamp Aug 24, 2025 04:44:47 UTC ()
Slot / Epoch 12432222 / 388506 beaconcha.in
Extra Data BuilderNet (Flashbots) 0x4275696c6465724e65742028466c617368626f747329
Gas Used 44,890,434 / 44,912,026 (99%)
+99.9% above target
Block Size 41,010 bytes
Base Fee 0.1493 Gwei
Total Fees 0.01649485 ETH ($30.6811)
Burnt Fees 0.00670000 ETH
Proposer Reward 0.00979486 ETH
Transactions 77 76 OK 1 Failed 47 calls · 30 transfers · 70 EIP-1559 · 5 Legacy · 2 Blob
Event Logs 379
Top Methods transfer ×13 approve ×4 execute ×3 0x380db829 ×3 0x2213bc0b ×3
Value Transferred 3.020771 ETH ($5618.75)
Withdrawals 16 validators · 0.35561402 ETH
Withdrawal Details (16)
ValidatorAddressAmount
98778875 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01928948 ETH
98778876 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01930234 ETH
98778877 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01925873 ETH
98778878 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01928562 ETH
98778879 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01931554 ETH
98778880 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01930967 ETH
98778881 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01929834 ETH
98778882 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01929885 ETH
98778883 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01931165 ETH
98778884 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01929412 ETH
98778885 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.06619185 ETH
98778886 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01930920 ETH
98778887 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01930489 ETH
98778888 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01927824 ETH
98778889 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01928208 ETH
98778890 Lido: Accounting Oracle 0.01928341 ETH
Blob Transactions 2 blob txs · 786,432 blob gas (excess: 262,144)
Status Finalized 1321032 confirmations
External Etherscan · beaconcha.in
State Roots
State Root 0x57e308d02690c9edf0f75ca77a525039f29ec9ada5270e207c3f53eb48bb7d88
Tx Root 0x7be72cfef4ad51ba3fc36cb594d0dc9853607f057bd07756878f89446b386f15
Receipt Root 0xcc6536c9a8849f664c84c6f9e5326352ffbcbf1449304692a0799fcc644dac8e
Beacon Root 0xe57cb2eb7776b6cb8f17e9789c753685960fc7d3cd6729289d258eaf5c395010

Transactions

Hash Method From To Value Gas Price Txn Fee Cum. Gas Type Status
0x08926115...339518 0x6433a9ea 0x38617499...F3Ee 0x0a61c214...EE2a 0 ETH 9.28 gwei 0.00316034 ETH 340,419 EIP-1559 OK
0xa25e836a...6f7036 Transfer 0xE5b25ac4...2236 0x80a64c6D...5d9e 0 ETH 33.61 gwei 0.000870305229 ETH 366,312 EIP-1559 OK
0x8de1438c...34cf6c 0x380db829 0xE2DA0463...08AC 0xa6d85F3b...b79F 0 ETH 0.5668 gwei 0.000798033954 ETH 1,774,297 EIP-1559 OK
0xfc081a29...e646f5 0x380db829 0xE2DA0463...08AC 0x39B7f514...981B 0 ETH 0.5668 gwei 0.000783441906 ETH 3,156,537 EIP-1559 OK
0x23ad0340...aca9e7 0x62ad1b83 0xBD96B4DC...9A0b 0xF411903c...7255 0 ETH 10.15 gwei 0.000565029168 ETH 3,212,209 EIP-1559 OK
0xe42b2b06...b43740 execute 0xaA05153A...Eb21 0x66a9893c...A8Af 0.006625 ETH 2.15 gwei 0.000359492517 ETH 3,379,473 EIP-1559 OK
0x6db2ebb9...4ecdf3 0x2213bc0b 0xc9Fd7d7F...5640 0x00000000...2734 0 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000310400373 ETH 3,649,562 EIP-1559 OK
0xc81d6e6a...78e0e7 Transfer 0x5050F69a...76C9 0xFf000000...8453 0 ETH 10.16 gwei 0.000213344296 ETH 3,670,562 Blob OK
0xb71ef2c8...9971a0 0xb80c2f09 0x77bf6b77...91ae 0x2E1Dee21...8764 0 ETH 0.6493 gwei 0.000231509694 ETH 4,027,141 EIP-1559 OK
0xfc74e9cd...a209c5 0x3e5aa082 0xC1b63485...47cc 0x1c479675...82B6 0 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000194060425 ETH 4,195,999 Blob OK
0xe5399214...549552 0x99e1d016 0x5aaC340a...d80E 0x5aaC340a...d80E 0 ETH 0.7089 gwei 0.000193527257 ETH 4,469,004 EIP-1559 OK
0xb90ef5a9...7cecf3 transfer 0x18E29605...82F6 Tether (USDT) 0 ETH 2.15 gwei 0.000135877872 ETH 4,532,225 EIP-1559 OK
0x04fd118c...7de769 transfer 0xf41D8a94...4d37 Tether (USDT) 0 ETH 2.10 gwei 0.000132641249 ETH 4,595,410 EIP-1559 OK
0x2b48b68d...5c2e38 0xa4450587 0xf413dEa5...3F98 0xcCcc6296...cccC 0 ETH 0.6493 gwei 0.000155741315 ETH 4,835,288 EIP-1559 OK
0x00371199...0c9ea5 transfer 0xA9BfF538...52D6 USD Coin (USDC) 0 ETH 2.00 gwei 0.000124520000 ETH 4,897,548 Legacy OK
0xf5a091ea...31e1a9 0x2213bc0b 0x4ACb6C43...bFD7 0x00000000...2734 0 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000125997114 ETH 5,007,182 EIP-1559 OK
0xeaa1a2e2...51f60b Transfer 0x264bd829...97B5 0xaB5f53C9...3e38 0.000043249 ETH 5.00 gwei 0.000105000000 ETH 5,028,182 AccessList OK
0x173c9ef4...c76137 0x99e1d016 0x0320205B...8E0d 0x0320205B...8E0d 0 ETH 0.7089 gwei 0.000127517949 ETH 5,208,069 EIP-1559 OK
0x4ad3f55c...50c5ee 0x43a0d066 0xf6764bfB...Bb9D 0x4D32C8Ff...26bF 0 ETH 0.3493 gwei 0.000174571957 ETH 5,707,914 EIP-1559 OK
0x2f985e4a...e9e19b 0xc4280ea7 0xDe651046...2c9D 0x6E2c0F7C...11C0 0 ETH 0.5866 gwei 0.000129810402 ETH 5,929,202 EIP-1559 OK
0x95543709...6c4241 approve 0x432b68bc...f67C 0xCaB84bc2...9a1E 0 ETH 2.15 gwei 0.000100176644 ETH 5,975,812 EIP-1559 OK
0x488ff5b2...54b75a transfer 0x99868718...5EFf Tether (USDT) 0 ETH 1.17 gwei 0.000073736234 ETH 6,039,033 Legacy OK
0xe0f4b1cb...ca10f5 Transfer 0x43B603D4...0A2D 0x07907f49...F6ad 0.013757 ETH 3.15 gwei 0.000066134296 ETH 6,060,033 EIP-1559 OK
0x9e2bf4c7...6fae33 0xb1ae2ed1 0x9119e740...5445 0x0dE8bf93...f628 0 ETH 0.1530 gwei 0.00257187 ETH 22,869,658 EIP-1559 OK
0xadf5005c...e9b522 0xb1ae2ed1 0x9119e740...5445 0x0dE8bf93...f628 0 ETH 0.1530 gwei 0.00257187 ETH 39,679,283 EIP-1559 OK
0xfac67bfc...10cbb2 transfer 0x83EF0e93...663d USD Coin (USDC) 0 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000071552441 ETH 39,741,543 EIP-1559 OK
0x71f1c1e4...ecc546 transfer 0x003328C0...Bbc1 USD Coin (USDC) 0 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000071552441 ETH 39,803,803 EIP-1559 OK
0x9c488bc3...c0f4d9 0x1e2a2385 0xB80b9B0C...19A5 0x8164B408...b288 0 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000069630891 ETH 39,864,391 EIP-1559 OK
0x53e2adc4...1ae1f0 0x37c6145a 0xCAA918A0...2109 0x3a23F943...97a5 0 ETH 0.2493 gwei 0.000138256198 ETH 40,419,075 EIP-1559 Fail
0xa0712c86...92ede8 0xef61a6db 0xA9EdbF8a...856F 0x73a8a6F5...86b1 0 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000060111635 ETH 40,471,380 EIP-1559 OK
0x547390cb...9d624a transfer 0x3631D0c8...5BBd 0x3845badA...a5d0 0 ETH 1.18 gwei 0.000055101704 ETH 40,517,928 EIP-1559 OK
0x653b2a81...09285e transfer 0x0Ff9dCaE...F834 Tether (USDT) 0 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000052990869 ETH 40,564,037 EIP-1559 OK
0x70a52aad...73a0a1 0x4de165c3 0xe37b6114...9D27 0x6aba0315...1b90 0 ETH 0.2950 gwei 0.000090294297 ETH 40,870,106 EIP-1559 OK
0xd920a95a...5bb0d7 Transfer 0xAe2D4617...673F 0x66288e62...2103 0.000147799 ETH 2.15 gwei 0.000045134296 ETH 40,891,106 EIP-1559 OK
0xb7f18f69...ade1f0 Transfer 0xa1abfA21...DF09 0xcf1a605e...9cb5 0.005500 ETH 2.15 gwei 0.000045134296 ETH 40,912,106 EIP-1559 OK
0x3f0367a2...5875d3 Transfer 0xab97925e...ee2B 0xa631319F...ff4c 0.018000 ETH 2.15 gwei 0.000045134296 ETH 40,933,106 EIP-1559 OK
0xf3484236...9ddaf5 Transfer 0xab97925e...ee2B 0x84878DC7...187E 0.018000 ETH 2.15 gwei 0.000045134296 ETH 40,954,106 EIP-1559 OK
0xe53271e3...540589 Transfer 0xab97925e...ee2B 0x39A77C7d...AA38 0.018000 ETH 2.15 gwei 0.000045134296 ETH 40,975,106 EIP-1559 OK
0x511974e0...695e2f Transfer 0xab97925e...ee2B 0x3788473B...B530 0.018000 ETH 2.15 gwei 0.000045134296 ETH 40,996,106 EIP-1559 OK
0x3c3e226d...4dc26e Transfer 0x7772FE06...B1B3 0xa1BF9C42...13f4 0.000099151 ETH 2.15 gwei 0.000045134296 ETH 41,017,106 EIP-1559 OK
0x14a2d600...cd6826 Transfer 0xab97925e...ee2B 0x9CD68ddB...f09F 0.018000 ETH 2.15 gwei 0.000045134296 ETH 41,038,106 EIP-1559 OK
0xf2fd680d...bff8eb Transfer 0xab97925e...ee2B 0x12537A33...410b 0.018000 ETH 2.15 gwei 0.000045134296 ETH 41,059,106 EIP-1559 OK
0xc8c2cc0b...4cab72 Transfer 0xab97925e...ee2B 0x54b90191...4716 0.018000 ETH 2.15 gwei 0.000045134296 ETH 41,080,106 EIP-1559 OK
0x0ce18f65...5e38bb Transfer 0xab97925e...ee2B 0x39F6143D...D555 0.018000 ETH 2.15 gwei 0.000045134296 ETH 41,101,106 EIP-1559 OK
0x2552fbb0...3490b3 Transfer 0xAe45a824...3fCA 0xE56D6a23...b569 0.000082594 ETH 2.00 gwei 0.000042000000 ETH 41,122,106 Legacy OK
0xc5906b6b...918edb 0xdcb2aa31 0x487e8Be2...E341 0x153CdDD7...8512 0 ETH 0.2493 gwei 0.000094165979 ETH 41,499,900 EIP-1559 OK
0x2484c983...650349 0x01010a7b 0xE8a61a47...1326 0xff000000...13ba 0 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000035167117 ETH 41,530,500 EIP-1559 OK
0x8e0b245a...476311 approve 0x45A1fd69...C4Ad USD Coin (USDC) 0 ETH 0.6493 gwei 0.000036078944 ETH 41,586,070 EIP-1559 OK
0x648a8443...0182d9 transfer 0x7D6D0322...eC39 Tether (USDT) 0 ETH 0.6493 gwei 0.000029928578 ETH 41,632,167 EIP-1559 OK
0x26edad5d...16827a transfer 0xbbAcB9F6...C8fd USD Coin (USDC) 0 ETH 0.6493 gwei 0.000029312438 ETH 41,677,315 EIP-1559 OK
0x6c8c55ec...a31787 Transfer 0xBF259b55...C60f 0xF03b9f2f...8fb1 1.4154 ETH 1.19 gwei 0.000025035733 ETH 41,698,315 EIP-1559 OK
0x416bf96e...fe3fec Transfer 0x563d0f69...5548 0x5eB3B768...4CeC 0.000355917 ETH 1.18 gwei 0.000024858980 ETH 41,719,315 EIP-1559 OK
0x2636ae0d...c65e77 0xf497df75 0x1D93A938...3Eca 0x2d5805A4...631a 0 ETH 0.1841 gwei 0.000111963525 ETH 42,327,444 EIP-1559 OK
0xe0268742...49a6de Transfer 0xdA00E9bE...3F51 0x2Fc617E9...befe 0.009700 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000024272206 ETH 42,348,564 EIP-1559 OK
0xbb76d66c...4086d4 Transfer 0x8cb6CE69...8166 0xd2674dA9...9A4B 0.000000159790 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000024134296 ETH 42,369,564 EIP-1559 OK
0xb7d42102...7155fc Transfer 0x2349bD35...FdC5 0x57c507EB...4c50 0.000139583 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000024134296 ETH 42,390,564 EIP-1559 OK
0x88791097...8ba26f Transfer 0x1C03A4ED...18Dc 0x3c6d4624...73A4 0.006001 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000024134296 ETH 42,411,564 EIP-1559 OK
0x9a9f0bce...1091a1 Transfer 0x6a0F9B07...Da50 0x7C8434Fc...20B3 1.3923 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000024134296 ETH 42,432,564 EIP-1559 OK
0x960d652b...fe8f9d Transfer 0xAe24B74c...7D03 0x83078033...5E1c 0.012557 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000024134296 ETH 42,453,564 EIP-1559 OK
0x1a5cef1e...b8156d Transfer 0x5733aa46...DE9b 0x10412082...37DB 0.001046 ETH 1.15 gwei 0.000024134296 ETH 42,474,564 EIP-1559 OK
0x1baa9e52...3e95f0 0x380db829 0x1EdA738C...CaF5 0x4c175eE6...7046 0 ETH 0.1639 gwei 0.000226601172 ETH 43,856,778 EIP-1559 OK
0xd2692036...421fdf Transfer 0xFE500c27...121B 0x936A6895...0a1a 0.001000 ETH 1.00 gwei 0.000021000000 ETH 43,877,778 Legacy OK
0xfe5b0894...c9554d 0x75713a08 0xe78298fb...5dCf 0x3328F7f4...9C49 0 ETH 0.2493 gwei 0.000041548096 ETH 44,044,469 EIP-1559 OK
0xf6ada35d...ca387f 0x2213bc0b 0xF04f72AF...e4E8 0x00000000...2734 0 ETH 0.2493 gwei 0.000039606920 ETH 44,203,372 EIP-1559 OK
0x830760ef...69f0fe Transfer 0x495e4D5A...3Ee2 0x287Ce2E1...2940 0.000134365 ETH 0.6493 gwei 0.000013634296 ETH 44,224,372 EIP-1559 OK
0x1ded5566...4886c1 exchange 0x6A0BD229...Dc13 0x971add32...8623 0 ETH 0.2205 gwei 0.000029425599 ETH 44,357,811 EIP-1559 OK
0x87c1bd84...69a4b8 transfer 0x28C6c062...1d60 Tether (USDT) 0 ETH 0.3493 gwei 0.000016103669 ETH 44,403,920 EIP-1559 OK
0x6ccba8e6...c5409e execute 0x28C6c062...1d60 0xEe7aE85f...4055 0 ETH 0.3493 gwei 0.000033661973 ETH 44,500,303 EIP-1559 OK
0xeebc9da3...12f536 execute 0x28C6c062...1d60 0xEe7aE85f...4055 0 ETH 0.3493 gwei 0.000027693952 ETH 44,579,598 EIP-1559 OK
0xbbde6fe2...c07457 transfer 0x1AB4973a...8F23 USD Coin (USDC) 0 ETH 0.2493 gwei 0.000015519574 ETH 44,641,858 EIP-1559 OK
0xd72d0e8c...e216c3 transfer 0x155E8A3D...0969 0x50dD9ce3...E732 0 ETH 0.2283 gwei 0.000015042732 ETH 44,707,762 EIP-1559 OK
0x059ed8ab...0bcf92 approve 0xe532c474...89ca Wrapped Ether (WETH) 0 ETH 0.2493 gwei 0.000011535391 ETH 44,754,042 EIP-1559 OK
0xf167eb0e...87de64 approve 0x5B2BCAcb...6c52 0x607F4C5B...7375 0 ETH 0.2493 gwei 0.000011481303 ETH 44,800,105 EIP-1559 OK
0x5caf8c4b...85d4c2 Transfer BuilderNet 0x03E8482c...9CD7 0.000347247 ETH 0.1493 gwei 0.000003134296 ETH 44,821,105 EIP-1559 OK
0x95cbd801...f971c5 Transfer BuilderNet 0xB423b53D...1020 0.001308 ETH 0.1493 gwei 0.000003134296 ETH 44,842,105 EIP-1559 OK
0xc5e3d61a...02d0ce Transfer BuilderNet 0xcf0475d9...8CaB 0.001134 ETH 0.1493 gwei 0.000003134296 ETH 44,863,105 EIP-1559 OK
0xcb47a4ae...4bf672 Transfer BuilderNet 0x8306300f...A81C 0.009091 ETH 0.1493 gwei 0.000004078913 ETH 44,890,434 EIP-1559 OK
Block gas:
44,890,434 / 44,912,026 (99%)

Token Transfers (50)

Token From To Value Type
0xF411903c... 0xBD96B4DC...9A0b 0xaf91f2D9...1088 9938701 ERC20
Wrapped Ether (WETH) 0x66a9893c...A8Af 0xc1905F1f...dF87 6624800000000000 ERC20
0x87F613C9... 0xc1905F1f...dF87 0x66a9893c...A8Af 1503768749173470 ERC20
0x87F613C9... 0x66a9893c...A8Af 0x000000fe...7E1c 3759421872933 ERC20
0x87F613C9... 0x66a9893c...A8Af 0xaA05153A...Eb21 1500009327300537 ERC20
0x95AF4aF9... 0xc9Fd7d7F...5640 0xc4704f13...99d9 12.0935 ERC20
Wrapped Ether (WETH) 0xc4704f13...99d9 0xDf31A70a...fd0f 45916491863410976 ERC20
Wrapped Ether (WETH) 0xDf31A70a...fd0f 0xFeeda5a9...0169 45916491863410976 ERC20
0xD31a59c8... 0xFeeda5a9...0169 0xDf31A70a...fd0f 1050080202 ERC20
0xD31a59c8... 0xDf31A70a...fd0f 0xaD01C20d...fCe5 7350561 ERC20
0xD31a59c8... 0xDf31A70a...fd0f 0xc9Fd7d7F...5640 1042729641 ERC20
Tether (USDT) 0x77bf6b77...91ae 0x48c24B77...8296 100000000 ERC20
Tether (USDT) 0x48c24B77...8296 0xe3D41d19...f2EF 100000000 ERC20
Wrapped Ether (WETH) 0xe3D41d19...f2EF 0x48c24B77...8296 20915825420776732 ERC20
Wrapped Ether (WETH) 0x48c24B77...8296 0xbfCA56f6...5548 20915825420776732 ERC20
0x69A80A84... 0xbfCA56f6...5548 0x77bf6b77...91ae 636770192580576 ERC20
Wrapped Ether (WETH) 0xE0554a47...939F 0x7B3c2764...373D 52290382272875014 ERC20
USD Coin (USDC) 0x5aaC340a...d80E 0xE0554a47...939F 250000000 ERC20
Wrapped Ether (WETH) 0x66a9893c...A8Af 0x7B3c2764...373D 0 ERC20
0x89418BCe... 0x7B3c2764...373D 0x66a9893c...A8Af 3.8637 ERC20
0x89418BCe... 0x66a9893c...A8Af 0x000000fe...7E1c 9659273763049028 ERC20
0x89418BCe... 0x66a9893c...A8Af 0x5aaC340a...d80E 3.854 ERC20
Tether (USDT) 0x18E29605...82F6 0x90ce8B4f...3986 8058806300 ERC20
Tether (USDT) 0xf41D8a94...4d37 0xf25A59Be...3864 60000000 ERC20
USD Coin (USDC) 0xf413dEa5...3F98 0xcCcc6296...cccC 45226452 ERC20
0xcCcc6296... 0x00000000...0000 0xf413dEa5...3F98 45.1812 ERC20
0xcCcc6296... 0x00000000...0000 0x5Eaf535b...b825 45226452451835643 ERC20
USD Coin (USDC) 0xA9BfF538...52D6 0xABF14c54...01f9 3295139525 ERC20
Wrapped Ether (WETH) 0xd1A47332...cA4A 0x4ACb6C43...bFD7 208679706523509 ERC20
0xB528edBe... 0x4ACb6C43...bFD7 0xd1A47332...cA4A 9.8509 ERC20
0x82003f53... 0x0320205B...8E0d 0x054Fd5a2...9153 87317286669907 ERC20
Wrapped Ether (WETH) 0x054Fd5a2...9153 0x66a9893c...A8Af 8933493509967756 ERC20
Wrapped Ether (WETH) 0x66a9893c...A8Af 0x000000fe...7E1c 22333733774919 ERC20
0x80850712... 0x47D74516...4e57 0x6d98a2b6...6aF4 11.4285 ERC20
0x80850712... 0x6d98a2b6...6aF4 0x64627901...e6E3 7.2933 ERC20
0x80850712... 0x64627901...e6E3 0x4D32C8Ff...26bF 7.2933 ERC20
0x80850712... 0x4D32C8Ff...26bF 0xE21d3527...A8bc 0.1823 ERC20
0x80850712... 0x4D32C8Ff...26bF 0xe63D3c6d...4B7d 5.6523 ERC20
0x80850712... 0x4D32C8Ff...26bF 0x2107BB3a...78A8 0.5470 ERC20
0x80850712... 0x4D32C8Ff...26bF 0xD868a2D8...B7bf 0.9116 ERC20
0x6d98a2b6... 0xf6764bfB...Bb9D 0x64627901...e6E3 2.997 ERC20
0x4d4C4ACe... 0x00000000...0000 0x4D32C8Ff...26bF 2.997 ERC20
0x4d4C4ACe... 0x4D32C8Ff...26bF 0xe63D3c6d...4B7d 2.997 ERC20
0xb23d80f5... 0x16588709...1b16 0x6E2c0F7C...11C0 270.3273 ERC20
Wrapped Ether (WETH) 0x88e6A0c2...5640 0x16588709...1b16 0.1336 ERC20
USD Coin (USDC) 0x00389638...9783 0x88e6A0c2...5640 639559934 ERC20
0x0F81001e... 0x6E2c0F7C...11C0 0x00389638...9783 2110.3562 ERC20
Tether (USDT) 0x99868718...5EFf 0xAf203726...418C 25297203000 ERC20
USD Coin (USDC) 0x83EF0e93...663d 0xF964cc80...5d9b 69000000 ERC20
USD Coin (USDC) 0x003328C0...Bbc1 0x108786a9...ee33 336363600 ERC20

Top Gas Consumers

33,619,250 74%
1,407,985 3%
1,382,240 3%
1,382,214 3%
608,129 1%

Value Distribution