Cryo Explorer Ethereum Mainnet

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.10;

interface IWETH {
  function balanceOf(address) external view returns (uint256);

  function deposit() external payable;

  function withdraw(uint256) external;

  function approve(address guy, uint256 wad) external returns (bool);

  function transferFrom(
    address src,
    address dst,
    uint256 wad
  ) external returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity 0.8.10;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";

// Minimal Permit2 interface, derived from
// https://github.com/Uniswap/permit2/blob/main/src/interfaces/ISignatureTransfer.sol
interface IPermit2 {
    // Token and amount in a permit message.
    struct TokenPermissions {
        // Token to transfer.
        IERC20 token;
        // Amount to transfer.
        uint256 amount;
    }

    // The permit2 message.
    struct PermitTransferFrom {
        // Permitted token and amount.
        TokenPermissions permitted;
        // Unique identifier for this permit.
        uint256 nonce;
        // Expiration for this permit.
        uint256 deadline;
    }

    // Transfer details for permitTransferFrom().
    struct SignatureTransferDetails {
        // Recipient of tokens.
        address to;
        // Amount to transfer.
        uint256 requestedAmount;
    }

    // Consume a permit2 message and transfer tokens.
    function permitTransferFrom(
        PermitTransferFrom calldata permit,
        SignatureTransferDetails calldata transferDetails,
        address owner,
        bytes calldata signature
    ) external;

    function nonceBitmap(address owner, uint256 wordPos) external view returns (uint256);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity 0.8.10;

contract SignatureBitMap {
    mapping(uint256 => uint256) private signatures;

    function consumeSignature(bytes memory signature) internal {
        uint256 signatureInt = uint256(keccak256(signature));
        uint256 wordIndex = signatureInt / 256;
        uint256 bitIndex = signatureInt % 256;
        signatures[wordIndex] |= (1 << bitIndex);
    }

    function isSignatureConsumed(bytes memory signature) internal view returns (bool) {
        uint256 signatureInt = uint256(keccak256(signature));
        uint256 wordIndex = signatureInt / 256;
        uint256 bitIndex = signatureInt % 256;
        uint256 mask = (1 << bitIndex);
        return (signatures[wordIndex] & mask) == mask;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity 0.8.10;

interface ISpotOracle {
    function settlePrices(uint256) external view returns (uint256);
    function settle() external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity 0.8.10;

interface IFeeCollector {
    function tradingFeeRate() external view returns (uint256);
    function settlementFeeRate() external view returns (uint256);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity 0.8.10;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/token/ERC1155/ERC1155Upgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/security/ReentrancyGuardUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/ContextUpgradeable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/cryptography/SignatureCheckerUpgradeable.sol";
import {IPool} from "@aave/core-v3/contracts/interfaces/IPool.sol";
import {DataTypes} from "@aave/core-v3/contracts/protocol/libraries/types/DataTypes.sol";
import {ReserveLogic} from "@aave/core-v3/contracts/protocol/libraries/logic/ReserveLogic.sol";
import {IAToken} from "@aave/core-v3/contracts/interfaces/IAToken.sol";
import "../interfaces/IWETH.sol";
import "../interfaces/IPermit2.sol";
import "../interfaces/ISmartTrendStrategy.sol";
import "../interfaces/ISpotOracle.sol";
import "../interfaces/IFeeCollector.sol";
import "../utils/SignatureBitMap.sol";

contract AAVESmartTrendVault is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable, ERC1155Upgradeable, ReentrancyGuardUpgradeable, SignatureBitMap {
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20Metadata;
    using ReserveLogic for DataTypes.ReserveData;
    using SignatureCheckerUpgradeable for address;

    struct Product {
        uint256 expiry;
        uint256[2] anchorPrices;
        uint256 collateralAtRiskPercentage;
        uint256 isMaker;
    }
    struct MintParams {
        uint256 expiry;
        uint256[2] anchorPrices;
        uint256 collateralAtRisk;
        uint256 makerCollateral;
        uint256 deadline;
        address maker;
        bytes makerSignature;
    }

    bytes32 public DOMAIN_SEPARATOR;
    // bytes32 public constant EIP712DOMAIN_TYPEHASH = keccak256(
    //     "EIP712Domain(string name,string version,uint256 chainId,address verifyingContract)"
    // );
    bytes32 public constant EIP712DOMAIN_TYPEHASH = 0x8b73c3c69bb8fe3d512ecc4cf759cc79239f7b179b0ffacaa9a75d522b39400f;
    // bytes32 public constant MINT_TYPEHASH = keccak256(
    //     "Mint(address minter,uint256 totalCollateral,uint256 expiry,uint256[2] anchorPrices,uint256 collateralAtRisk,uint256 makerCollateral,uint256 deadline,address vault)"
    // );
    bytes32 public constant MINT_TYPEHASH = 0xbbb96bd81b8359e3021ab4bd0188b2fb99443a6debe51f7cb0a925a398f17117;
    // Aave Referral Code
    uint16 private constant REFERRAL_CODE = 0;
    // Aave Share Multiplier
    uint256 private constant SHARE_MULTIPLIER = 1e18;

    string public name;
    string public symbol;

    IWETH public weth;
    IPermit2 public permit2;
    ISmartTrendStrategy public strategy;
    IERC20Metadata public collateral;
    IPool public pool;
    IAToken public aToken;
    ISpotOracle public oracle;

    uint256 totalSupply;
    uint256 public totalFee;
    address public feeCollector;

    // Events
    event Minted(address minter, address maker, address referral, uint256 totalCollateral, uint256 expiry, uint256[2] anchorPrices, uint256 makerCollateral, uint256 collateralAtRiskPercentage);
    event Burned(address operator, uint256 productId, uint256 amount, uint256 payoff);
    event BatchBurned(address operator, uint256[] productIds, uint256[] amounts, uint256[] payoffs);
    event FeeCollected(address collector, uint256 amount);

    modifier onlyETHVault() {
        require(address(collateral) == address(weth), "Vault: only ETH vault");
        _;
    }

    receive() external payable {}

    function initialize(
        string memory name_,
        string memory symbol_,
        IPermit2 permit_,
        ISmartTrendStrategy strategy_,
        address weth_,
        address collateral_,
        IPool pool_,
        address feeCollector_,
        ISpotOracle oracle_
    ) initializer external {
        name = name_;
        symbol = symbol_;

        weth = IWETH(weth_);
        permit2 = permit_;
        strategy = strategy_;

        collateral = IERC20Metadata(collateral_);
        oracle = oracle_;

        pool = pool_;
        aToken = IAToken(pool_.getReserveData(address(collateral_)).aTokenAddress);
        DOMAIN_SEPARATOR = keccak256(
            abi.encode(
                EIP712DOMAIN_TYPEHASH,
                keccak256("Vault"),
                keccak256("1.0"),
                block.chainid,
                address(this)
            )
        );
        feeCollector = feeCollector_;
        // Approve once for max amount
        collateral.safeApprove(address(pool_), type(uint256).max);

        __Context_init();
        __ERC1155_init("");
        __ReentrancyGuard_init();
    }

    function mint(
        uint256 totalCollateral,
        MintParams calldata params,
        bytes calldata minterPermitSignature,
        uint256 nonce,
        address referral
    ) external {
        // transfer collateral
        uint256 depositAmount = totalCollateral - params.makerCollateral;
        permit2.permitTransferFrom(
            IPermit2.PermitTransferFrom({
                permitted: IPermit2.TokenPermissions({
                    token: collateral,
                    amount: depositAmount
                }),
                nonce: nonce,
                deadline: params.deadline
            }),
            IPermit2.SignatureTransferDetails({
                to: address(this),
                requestedAmount: depositAmount
            }),
            _msgSender(),
            minterPermitSignature
        );
        _mint(totalCollateral, params, referral);
    }

    function mint(
        MintParams calldata params,
        address referral
    ) external payable onlyETHVault {
        weth.deposit{value: msg.value}();
        _mint(
            params.makerCollateral + msg.value,
            params,
            referral
        );
    }

    function _mint(uint256 totalCollateral, MintParams memory params, address referral) internal nonReentrant {
        require(block.timestamp < params.deadline, "Vault: deadline");
        require(block.timestamp < params.expiry, "Vault: expired");
        // require expiry must be 8:00 UTC
        require(params.expiry % 86400 == 28800, "Vault: invalid expiry");
        require(params.anchorPrices[0] < params.anchorPrices[1], "Vault: invalid strike prices");
        require(!isSignatureConsumed(params.makerSignature), "Vault: signature consumed");
        require(referral != _msgSender(), "Vault: invalid referral");

        {
        // verify maker's signature
        bytes32 digest =
            keccak256(abi.encodePacked(
                "\x19\x01",
                DOMAIN_SEPARATOR,
                keccak256(abi.encode(MINT_TYPEHASH,
                                     _msgSender(),
                                     totalCollateral,
                                     params.expiry,
                                     keccak256(abi.encodePacked(params.anchorPrices)),
                                     params.collateralAtRisk,
                                     params.makerCollateral,
                                     params.deadline,
                                     address(this)))
        ));
        require(params.maker.isValidSignatureNow(digest, params.makerSignature), "Vault: invalid maker signature");
        consumeSignature(params.makerSignature);

        // transfer makerCollateral
        collateral.safeTransferFrom(params.maker, address(this), params.makerCollateral);
        }


        uint256 tradingFee = IFeeCollector(feeCollector).tradingFeeRate() * (params.collateralAtRisk - params.makerCollateral) / 1e18;
        uint256 collateralAtRiskPercentage = params.collateralAtRisk * 1e18 / (totalCollateral - tradingFee);
        require(collateralAtRiskPercentage > 0 && collateralAtRiskPercentage <= 1e18, "Vault: invalid collateral");
        // calculate atoken shares
        {
        uint256 aTokenShare;
        pool.supply(address(collateral), totalCollateral, address(this), REFERRAL_CODE);
        uint256 aTokenBalance = aToken.balanceOf(address(this));
        if (totalSupply > 0) {
            aTokenShare = totalCollateral * totalSupply / (aTokenBalance - totalCollateral);
        } else {
            aTokenShare = totalCollateral * SHARE_MULTIPLIER;
        }
        totalSupply += aTokenShare;

        // trading fee
        uint256 tradingFeeShare = aTokenShare * tradingFee / totalCollateral;
        aTokenShare -= tradingFeeShare;
        totalFee += tradingFeeShare;

        // mint product
        uint256 productId = getProductId(params.expiry, params.anchorPrices, collateralAtRiskPercentage, uint256(0));
        uint256 makerProductId = getProductId(params.expiry, params.anchorPrices, collateralAtRiskPercentage, uint256(1));

        _mint(_msgSender(), productId, aTokenShare, "");
        _mint(params.maker, makerProductId, aTokenShare, "");
        }

        emit Minted(_msgSender(), params.maker, referral, totalCollateral, params.expiry, params.anchorPrices, params.makerCollateral, collateralAtRiskPercentage);
    }

    function burn(uint256 expiry, uint256[2] calldata anchorPrices, uint256 collateralAtRiskPercentage, uint256 isMaker) external {
        uint256 payoff = _burn(expiry, anchorPrices, collateralAtRiskPercentage, isMaker);
        if (payoff > 0) {
           require(pool.withdraw(address(collateral), payoff, _msgSender()) > 0, "Vault: withdraw failed");
        }
    }
    function ethBurn(uint256 expiry, uint256[2] calldata anchorPrices, uint256 collateralAtRiskPercentage, uint256 isMaker) external onlyETHVault {
        uint256 payoff = _burn(expiry, anchorPrices, collateralAtRiskPercentage, isMaker);
        if (payoff > 0) {
            require(pool.withdraw(address(collateral), payoff, address(this)) > 0, "Vault: withdraw failed");
            weth.withdraw(payoff);
            (bool success, ) = _msgSender().call{value: payoff, gas: 100_000}("");
            require(success, "Failed to send ETH");
        }
    }

    function _burn(uint256 expiry, uint256[2] memory anchorPrices, uint256 collateralAtRiskPercentage, uint256 isMaker) internal nonReentrant returns (uint256 payoff) {
        require(block.timestamp >= expiry, "Vault: not expired");
        uint256 productId = getProductId(expiry, anchorPrices, collateralAtRiskPercentage, isMaker);
        uint256 amount = balanceOf(_msgSender(), productId);
        require(amount > 0, "Vault: zero amount");

        // check if settled
        require(oracle.settlePrices(expiry) > 0, "Vault: not settled");

        // calculate payoff by strategy
        uint256 payoffShare;
        if (isMaker == 1) {
            payoffShare = getMakerPayoff(expiry, anchorPrices, collateralAtRiskPercentage, amount);
        } else {
            uint256 settlementFee;
            (payoffShare, settlementFee) = getMinterPayoff(expiry, anchorPrices, collateralAtRiskPercentage, amount);
            if (settlementFee > 0) {
                totalFee += settlementFee;
            }
        }

        // check self balance of collateral and transfer payoff
        if (payoffShare > 0) {
            payoff = payoffShare * aToken.balanceOf(address(this)) / totalSupply;
            totalSupply -= payoffShare;
            emit Burned(_msgSender(), productId, amount, payoff);
        } else {
            emit Burned(_msgSender(), productId, amount, 0);
        }

        // burn product
        _burn(_msgSender(), productId, amount);
    }

    function burnBatch(Product[] calldata products) external {
        uint256 totalPayoff = _burnBatch(products);
        if (totalPayoff > 0) {
            require(pool.withdraw(address(collateral), totalPayoff, _msgSender()) > 0, "Vault: withdraw failed");
        }
    }

    function ethBurnBatch(Product[] calldata products) external onlyETHVault {
        uint256 totalPayoff = _burnBatch(products);
        if (totalPayoff > 0) {
            require(pool.withdraw(address(collateral), totalPayoff, address(this)) > 0, "Vault: withdraw failed");
            weth.withdraw(totalPayoff);
            (bool success, ) = _msgSender().call{value: totalPayoff, gas: 100_000}("");
            require(success, "Failed to send ETH");
        }
    }

    function _burnBatch(Product[] calldata products) internal nonReentrant returns (uint256 totalPayoff) {
        uint256 totalPayoffShare = 0;
        uint256[] memory productIds = new uint256[](products.length);
        uint256[] memory amounts = new uint256[](products.length);
        uint256[] memory payoffs = new uint256[](products.length);
        uint256 aTokenBalance = aToken.balanceOf(address(this));
        uint256 settlementFee;
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < products.length; i++) {
            Product memory product = products[i];
            uint256 productId = getProductId(product.expiry, product.anchorPrices, product.collateralAtRiskPercentage, product.isMaker);
            uint256 amount = balanceOf(_msgSender(), productId);
            require(amount > 0, "Vault: zero amount");
            require(block.timestamp >= product.expiry, "Vault: not expired");
            // check if settled
            require(oracle.settlePrices(product.expiry) > 0, "Vault: not settled");
            // calculate payoff by strategy
            uint256 payoffShare;
            if (product.isMaker == 1) {
                payoffShare = getMakerPayoff(product.expiry, product.anchorPrices, product.collateralAtRiskPercentage, amount);
            } else {
                uint256 fee;
                (payoffShare, fee) = getMinterPayoff(product.expiry, product.anchorPrices, product.collateralAtRiskPercentage, amount);
                if (fee > 0) {
                    settlementFee += fee;
                }
            }
            if (payoffShare > 0) {
                totalPayoffShare += payoffShare;
            }

            productIds[i] = productId;
            amounts[i] = amount;
            payoffs[i] = payoffShare * aTokenBalance / totalSupply;
        }
        if (settlementFee > 0) {
            totalFee += settlementFee;
        }
        // check self balance of collateral and transfer payoff
        if (totalPayoffShare > 0) {
            totalPayoff = totalPayoffShare * aTokenBalance / totalSupply;
            totalSupply -= totalPayoffShare;
        }

        // burn product
        _burnBatch(_msgSender(), productIds, amounts);
        emit BatchBurned(_msgSender(), productIds, amounts, payoffs);
    }

    // withdraw fee
    function harvest() external {
        uint256 fee = totalFee;
        require(fee > 0, "Vault: zero fee");
        totalFee = 0;
        uint256 payoff = fee * aToken.balanceOf(address(this)) / totalSupply;
        totalSupply -= fee;
        require(pool.withdraw(address(collateral), payoff, feeCollector) > 0, "Vault: withdraw failed");

        emit FeeCollected(_msgSender(), payoff);
    }

    function getMakerPayoff(uint256 expiry, uint256[2] memory anchorPrices, uint256 collateralAtRiskPercentage, uint256 amount) public view returns (uint256 payoffShare) {
        uint256 maxPayoff = amount * collateralAtRiskPercentage / 1e18;
        payoffShare = strategy.getMakerPayoff(anchorPrices, oracle.settlePrices(expiry), maxPayoff);
    }

    function getMinterPayoff(uint256 expiry, uint256[2] memory anchorPrices, uint256 collateralAtRiskPercentage, uint256 amount) public view returns (uint256 payoffShare, uint256 fee) {
        uint256 maxPayoff = amount * collateralAtRiskPercentage / 1e18;
        uint256 payoffShareWithFee = strategy.getMinterPayoff(anchorPrices, oracle.settlePrices(expiry), maxPayoff);
        fee = payoffShareWithFee * IFeeCollector(feeCollector).settlementFeeRate() / 1e18;
        payoffShare = payoffShareWithFee - fee + (amount * 1e18 - amount * collateralAtRiskPercentage) / 1e18;
    }

    // get product id by parameters
    function getProductId(uint256 expiry, uint256[2] memory anchorPrices, uint256 collateralAtRiskPercentage, uint256 isMaker) public pure returns (uint256) {
        return uint256(keccak256(abi.encodePacked(expiry, anchorPrices, collateralAtRiskPercentage, isMaker)));
    }

    // get decimals
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8) {
        return collateral.decimals();
    }

    uint256[50] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     *
     * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within
     * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`,
     * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction.
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {IPoolAddressesProvider} from './IPoolAddressesProvider.sol';
import {DataTypes} from '../protocol/libraries/types/DataTypes.sol';

/**
 * @title IPool
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Defines the basic interface for an Aave Pool.
 */
interface IPool {
  /**
   * @dev Emitted on mintUnbacked()
   * @param reserve The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param user The address initiating the supply
   * @param onBehalfOf The beneficiary of the supplied assets, receiving the aTokens
   * @param amount The amount of supplied assets
   * @param referralCode The referral code used
   */
  event MintUnbacked(
    address indexed reserve,
    address user,
    address indexed onBehalfOf,
    uint256 amount,
    uint16 indexed referralCode
  );

  /**
   * @dev Emitted on backUnbacked()
   * @param reserve The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param backer The address paying for the backing
   * @param amount The amount added as backing
   * @param fee The amount paid in fees
   */
  event BackUnbacked(address indexed reserve, address indexed backer, uint256 amount, uint256 fee);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted on supply()
   * @param reserve The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param user The address initiating the supply
   * @param onBehalfOf The beneficiary of the supply, receiving the aTokens
   * @param amount The amount supplied
   * @param referralCode The referral code used
   */
  event Supply(
    address indexed reserve,
    address user,
    address indexed onBehalfOf,
    uint256 amount,
    uint16 indexed referralCode
  );

  /**
   * @dev Emitted on withdraw()
   * @param reserve The address of the underlying asset being withdrawn
   * @param user The address initiating the withdrawal, owner of aTokens
   * @param to The address that will receive the underlying
   * @param amount The amount to be withdrawn
   */
  event Withdraw(address indexed reserve, address indexed user, address indexed to, uint256 amount);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted on borrow() and flashLoan() when debt needs to be opened
   * @param reserve The address of the underlying asset being borrowed
   * @param user The address of the user initiating the borrow(), receiving the funds on borrow() or just
   * initiator of the transaction on flashLoan()
   * @param onBehalfOf The address that will be getting the debt
   * @param amount The amount borrowed out
   * @param interestRateMode The rate mode: 1 for Stable, 2 for Variable
   * @param borrowRate The numeric rate at which the user has borrowed, expressed in ray
   * @param referralCode The referral code used
   */
  event Borrow(
    address indexed reserve,
    address user,
    address indexed onBehalfOf,
    uint256 amount,
    DataTypes.InterestRateMode interestRateMode,
    uint256 borrowRate,
    uint16 indexed referralCode
  );

  /**
   * @dev Emitted on repay()
   * @param reserve The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param user The beneficiary of the repayment, getting his debt reduced
   * @param repayer The address of the user initiating the repay(), providing the funds
   * @param amount The amount repaid
   * @param useATokens True if the repayment is done using aTokens, `false` if done with underlying asset directly
   */
  event Repay(
    address indexed reserve,
    address indexed user,
    address indexed repayer,
    uint256 amount,
    bool useATokens
  );

  /**
   * @dev Emitted on swapBorrowRateMode()
   * @param reserve The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param user The address of the user swapping his rate mode
   * @param interestRateMode The current interest rate mode of the position being swapped: 1 for Stable, 2 for Variable
   */
  event SwapBorrowRateMode(
    address indexed reserve,
    address indexed user,
    DataTypes.InterestRateMode interestRateMode
  );

  /**
   * @dev Emitted on borrow(), repay() and liquidationCall() when using isolated assets
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param totalDebt The total isolation mode debt for the reserve
   */
  event IsolationModeTotalDebtUpdated(address indexed asset, uint256 totalDebt);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when the user selects a certain asset category for eMode
   * @param user The address of the user
   * @param categoryId The category id
   */
  event UserEModeSet(address indexed user, uint8 categoryId);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted on setUserUseReserveAsCollateral()
   * @param reserve The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param user The address of the user enabling the usage as collateral
   */
  event ReserveUsedAsCollateralEnabled(address indexed reserve, address indexed user);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted on setUserUseReserveAsCollateral()
   * @param reserve The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param user The address of the user enabling the usage as collateral
   */
  event ReserveUsedAsCollateralDisabled(address indexed reserve, address indexed user);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted on rebalanceStableBorrowRate()
   * @param reserve The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param user The address of the user for which the rebalance has been executed
   */
  event RebalanceStableBorrowRate(address indexed reserve, address indexed user);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted on flashLoan()
   * @param target The address of the flash loan receiver contract
   * @param initiator The address initiating the flash loan
   * @param asset The address of the asset being flash borrowed
   * @param amount The amount flash borrowed
   * @param interestRateMode The flashloan mode: 0 for regular flashloan, 1 for Stable debt, 2 for Variable debt
   * @param premium The fee flash borrowed
   * @param referralCode The referral code used
   */
  event FlashLoan(
    address indexed target,
    address initiator,
    address indexed asset,
    uint256 amount,
    DataTypes.InterestRateMode interestRateMode,
    uint256 premium,
    uint16 indexed referralCode
  );

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when a borrower is liquidated.
   * @param collateralAsset The address of the underlying asset used as collateral, to receive as result of the liquidation
   * @param debtAsset The address of the underlying borrowed asset to be repaid with the liquidation
   * @param user The address of the borrower getting liquidated
   * @param debtToCover The debt amount of borrowed `asset` the liquidator wants to cover
   * @param liquidatedCollateralAmount The amount of collateral received by the liquidator
   * @param liquidator The address of the liquidator
   * @param receiveAToken True if the liquidators wants to receive the collateral aTokens, `false` if he wants
   * to receive the underlying collateral asset directly
   */
  event LiquidationCall(
    address indexed collateralAsset,
    address indexed debtAsset,
    address indexed user,
    uint256 debtToCover,
    uint256 liquidatedCollateralAmount,
    address liquidator,
    bool receiveAToken
  );

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when the state of a reserve is updated.
   * @param reserve The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param liquidityRate The next liquidity rate
   * @param stableBorrowRate The next stable borrow rate
   * @param variableBorrowRate The next variable borrow rate
   * @param liquidityIndex The next liquidity index
   * @param variableBorrowIndex The next variable borrow index
   */
  event ReserveDataUpdated(
    address indexed reserve,
    uint256 liquidityRate,
    uint256 stableBorrowRate,
    uint256 variableBorrowRate,
    uint256 liquidityIndex,
    uint256 variableBorrowIndex
  );

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when the protocol treasury receives minted aTokens from the accrued interest.
   * @param reserve The address of the reserve
   * @param amountMinted The amount minted to the treasury
   */
  event MintedToTreasury(address indexed reserve, uint256 amountMinted);

  /**
   * @notice Mints an `amount` of aTokens to the `onBehalfOf`
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset to mint
   * @param amount The amount to mint
   * @param onBehalfOf The address that will receive the aTokens
   * @param referralCode Code used to register the integrator originating the operation, for potential rewards.
   *   0 if the action is executed directly by the user, without any middle-man
   */
  function mintUnbacked(
    address asset,
    uint256 amount,
    address onBehalfOf,
    uint16 referralCode
  ) external;

  /**
   * @notice Back the current unbacked underlying with `amount` and pay `fee`.
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset to back
   * @param amount The amount to back
   * @param fee The amount paid in fees
   * @return The backed amount
   */
  function backUnbacked(address asset, uint256 amount, uint256 fee) external returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Supplies an `amount` of underlying asset into the reserve, receiving in return overlying aTokens.
   * - E.g. User supplies 100 USDC and gets in return 100 aUSDC
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset to supply
   * @param amount The amount to be supplied
   * @param onBehalfOf The address that will receive the aTokens, same as msg.sender if the user
   *   wants to receive them on his own wallet, or a different address if the beneficiary of aTokens
   *   is a different wallet
   * @param referralCode Code used to register the integrator originating the operation, for potential rewards.
   *   0 if the action is executed directly by the user, without any middle-man
   */
  function supply(address asset, uint256 amount, address onBehalfOf, uint16 referralCode) external;

  /**
   * @notice Supply with transfer approval of asset to be supplied done via permit function
   * see: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612 and https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-713
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset to supply
   * @param amount The amount to be supplied
   * @param onBehalfOf The address that will receive the aTokens, same as msg.sender if the user
   *   wants to receive them on his own wallet, or a different address if the beneficiary of aTokens
   *   is a different wallet
   * @param deadline The deadline timestamp that the permit is valid
   * @param referralCode Code used to register the integrator originating the operation, for potential rewards.
   *   0 if the action is executed directly by the user, without any middle-man
   * @param permitV The V parameter of ERC712 permit sig
   * @param permitR The R parameter of ERC712 permit sig
   * @param permitS The S parameter of ERC712 permit sig
   */
  function supplyWithPermit(
    address asset,
    uint256 amount,
    address onBehalfOf,
    uint16 referralCode,
    uint256 deadline,
    uint8 permitV,
    bytes32 permitR,
    bytes32 permitS
  ) external;

  /**
   * @notice Withdraws an `amount` of underlying asset from the reserve, burning the equivalent aTokens owned
   * E.g. User has 100 aUSDC, calls withdraw() and receives 100 USDC, burning the 100 aUSDC
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset to withdraw
   * @param amount The underlying amount to be withdrawn
   *   - Send the value type(uint256).max in order to withdraw the whole aToken balance
   * @param to The address that will receive the underlying, same as msg.sender if the user
   *   wants to receive it on his own wallet, or a different address if the beneficiary is a
   *   different wallet
   * @return The final amount withdrawn
   */
  function withdraw(address asset, uint256 amount, address to) external returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Allows users to borrow a specific `amount` of the reserve underlying asset, provided that the borrower
   * already supplied enough collateral, or he was given enough allowance by a credit delegator on the
   * corresponding debt token (StableDebtToken or VariableDebtToken)
   * - E.g. User borrows 100 USDC passing as `onBehalfOf` his own address, receiving the 100 USDC in his wallet
   *   and 100 stable/variable debt tokens, depending on the `interestRateMode`
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset to borrow
   * @param amount The amount to be borrowed
   * @param interestRateMode The interest rate mode at which the user wants to borrow: 1 for Stable, 2 for Variable
   * @param referralCode The code used to register the integrator originating the operation, for potential rewards.
   *   0 if the action is executed directly by the user, without any middle-man
   * @param onBehalfOf The address of the user who will receive the debt. Should be the address of the borrower itself
   * calling the function if he wants to borrow against his own collateral, or the address of the credit delegator
   * if he has been given credit delegation allowance
   */
  function borrow(
    address asset,
    uint256 amount,
    uint256 interestRateMode,
    uint16 referralCode,
    address onBehalfOf
  ) external;

  /**
   * @notice Repays a borrowed `amount` on a specific reserve, burning the equivalent debt tokens owned
   * - E.g. User repays 100 USDC, burning 100 variable/stable debt tokens of the `onBehalfOf` address
   * @param asset The address of the borrowed underlying asset previously borrowed
   * @param amount The amount to repay
   * - Send the value type(uint256).max in order to repay the whole debt for `asset` on the specific `debtMode`
   * @param interestRateMode The interest rate mode at of the debt the user wants to repay: 1 for Stable, 2 for Variable
   * @param onBehalfOf The address of the user who will get his debt reduced/removed. Should be the address of the
   * user calling the function if he wants to reduce/remove his own debt, or the address of any other
   * other borrower whose debt should be removed
   * @return The final amount repaid
   */
  function repay(
    address asset,
    uint256 amount,
    uint256 interestRateMode,
    address onBehalfOf
  ) external returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Repay with transfer approval of asset to be repaid done via permit function
   * see: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612 and https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-713
   * @param asset The address of the borrowed underlying asset previously borrowed
   * @param amount The amount to repay
   * - Send the value type(uint256).max in order to repay the whole debt for `asset` on the specific `debtMode`
   * @param interestRateMode The interest rate mode at of the debt the user wants to repay: 1 for Stable, 2 for Variable
   * @param onBehalfOf Address of the user who will get his debt reduced/removed. Should be the address of the
   * user calling the function if he wants to reduce/remove his own debt, or the address of any other
   * other borrower whose debt should be removed
   * @param deadline The deadline timestamp that the permit is valid
   * @param permitV The V parameter of ERC712 permit sig
   * @param permitR The R parameter of ERC712 permit sig
   * @param permitS The S parameter of ERC712 permit sig
   * @return The final amount repaid
   */
  function repayWithPermit(
    address asset,
    uint256 amount,
    uint256 interestRateMode,
    address onBehalfOf,
    uint256 deadline,
    uint8 permitV,
    bytes32 permitR,
    bytes32 permitS
  ) external returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Repays a borrowed `amount` on a specific reserve using the reserve aTokens, burning the
   * equivalent debt tokens
   * - E.g. User repays 100 USDC using 100 aUSDC, burning 100 variable/stable debt tokens
   * @dev  Passing uint256.max as amount will clean up any residual aToken dust balance, if the user aToken
   * balance is not enough to cover the whole debt
   * @param asset The address of the borrowed underlying asset previously borrowed
   * @param amount The amount to repay
   * - Send the value type(uint256).max in order to repay the whole debt for `asset` on the specific `debtMode`
   * @param interestRateMode The interest rate mode at of the debt the user wants to repay: 1 for Stable, 2 for Variable
   * @return The final amount repaid
   */
  function repayWithATokens(
    address asset,
    uint256 amount,
    uint256 interestRateMode
  ) external returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Allows a borrower to swap his debt between stable and variable mode, or vice versa
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset borrowed
   * @param interestRateMode The current interest rate mode of the position being swapped: 1 for Stable, 2 for Variable
   */
  function swapBorrowRateMode(address asset, uint256 interestRateMode) external;

  /**
   * @notice Rebalances the stable interest rate of a user to the current stable rate defined on the reserve.
   * - Users can be rebalanced if the following conditions are satisfied:
   *     1. Usage ratio is above 95%
   *     2. the current supply APY is below REBALANCE_UP_THRESHOLD * maxVariableBorrowRate, which means that too
   *        much has been borrowed at a stable rate and suppliers are not earning enough
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset borrowed
   * @param user The address of the user to be rebalanced
   */
  function rebalanceStableBorrowRate(address asset, address user) external;

  /**
   * @notice Allows suppliers to enable/disable a specific supplied asset as collateral
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset supplied
   * @param useAsCollateral True if the user wants to use the supply as collateral, false otherwise
   */
  function setUserUseReserveAsCollateral(address asset, bool useAsCollateral) external;

  /**
   * @notice Function to liquidate a non-healthy position collateral-wise, with Health Factor below 1
   * - The caller (liquidator) covers `debtToCover` amount of debt of the user getting liquidated, and receives
   *   a proportionally amount of the `collateralAsset` plus a bonus to cover market risk
   * @param collateralAsset The address of the underlying asset used as collateral, to receive as result of the liquidation
   * @param debtAsset The address of the underlying borrowed asset to be repaid with the liquidation
   * @param user The address of the borrower getting liquidated
   * @param debtToCover The debt amount of borrowed `asset` the liquidator wants to cover
   * @param receiveAToken True if the liquidators wants to receive the collateral aTokens, `false` if he wants
   * to receive the underlying collateral asset directly
   */
  function liquidationCall(
    address collateralAsset,
    address debtAsset,
    address user,
    uint256 debtToCover,
    bool receiveAToken
  ) external;

  /**
   * @notice Allows smartcontracts to access the liquidity of the pool within one transaction,
   * as long as the amount taken plus a fee is returned.
   * @dev IMPORTANT There are security concerns for developers of flashloan receiver contracts that must be kept
   * into consideration. For further details please visit https://docs.aave.com/developers/
   * @param receiverAddress The address of the contract receiving the funds, implementing IFlashLoanReceiver interface
   * @param assets The addresses of the assets being flash-borrowed
   * @param amounts The amounts of the assets being flash-borrowed
   * @param interestRateModes Types of the debt to open if the flash loan is not returned:
   *   0 -> Don't open any debt, just revert if funds can't be transferred from the receiver
   *   1 -> Open debt at stable rate for the value of the amount flash-borrowed to the `onBehalfOf` address
   *   2 -> Open debt at variable rate for the value of the amount flash-borrowed to the `onBehalfOf` address
   * @param onBehalfOf The address  that will receive the debt in the case of using on `modes` 1 or 2
   * @param params Variadic packed params to pass to the receiver as extra information
   * @param referralCode The code used to register the integrator originating the operation, for potential rewards.
   *   0 if the action is executed directly by the user, without any middle-man
   */
  function flashLoan(
    address receiverAddress,
    address[] calldata assets,
    uint256[] calldata amounts,
    uint256[] calldata interestRateModes,
    address onBehalfOf,
    bytes calldata params,
    uint16 referralCode
  ) external;

  /**
   * @notice Allows smartcontracts to access the liquidity of the pool within one transaction,
   * as long as the amount taken plus a fee is returned.
   * @dev IMPORTANT There are security concerns for developers of flashloan receiver contracts that must be kept
   * into consideration. For further details please visit https://docs.aave.com/developers/
   * @param receiverAddress The address of the contract receiving the funds, implementing IFlashLoanSimpleReceiver interface
   * @param asset The address of the asset being flash-borrowed
   * @param amount The amount of the asset being flash-borrowed
   * @param params Variadic packed params to pass to the receiver as extra information
   * @param referralCode The code used to register the integrator originating the operation, for potential rewards.
   *   0 if the action is executed directly by the user, without any middle-man
   */
  function flashLoanSimple(
    address receiverAddress,
    address asset,
    uint256 amount,
    bytes calldata params,
    uint16 referralCode
  ) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns the user account data across all the reserves
   * @param user The address of the user
   * @return totalCollateralBase The total collateral of the user in the base currency used by the price feed
   * @return totalDebtBase The total debt of the user in the base currency used by the price feed
   * @return availableBorrowsBase The borrowing power left of the user in the base currency used by the price feed
   * @return currentLiquidationThreshold The liquidation threshold of the user
   * @return ltv The loan to value of The user
   * @return healthFactor The current health factor of the user
   */
  function getUserAccountData(
    address user
  )
    external
    view
    returns (
      uint256 totalCollateralBase,
      uint256 totalDebtBase,
      uint256 availableBorrowsBase,
      uint256 currentLiquidationThreshold,
      uint256 ltv,
      uint256 healthFactor
    );

  /**
   * @notice Initializes a reserve, activating it, assigning an aToken and debt tokens and an
   * interest rate strategy
   * @dev Only callable by the PoolConfigurator contract
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param aTokenAddress The address of the aToken that will be assigned to the reserve
   * @param stableDebtAddress The address of the StableDebtToken that will be assigned to the reserve
   * @param variableDebtAddress The address of the VariableDebtToken that will be assigned to the reserve
   * @param interestRateStrategyAddress The address of the interest rate strategy contract
   */
  function initReserve(
    address asset,
    address aTokenAddress,
    address stableDebtAddress,
    address variableDebtAddress,
    address interestRateStrategyAddress
  ) external;

  /**
   * @notice Drop a reserve
   * @dev Only callable by the PoolConfigurator contract
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   */
  function dropReserve(address asset) external;

  /**
   * @notice Updates the address of the interest rate strategy contract
   * @dev Only callable by the PoolConfigurator contract
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param rateStrategyAddress The address of the interest rate strategy contract
   */
  function setReserveInterestRateStrategyAddress(
    address asset,
    address rateStrategyAddress
  ) external;

  /**
   * @notice Sets the configuration bitmap of the reserve as a whole
   * @dev Only callable by the PoolConfigurator contract
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param configuration The new configuration bitmap
   */
  function setConfiguration(
    address asset,
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap calldata configuration
  ) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns the configuration of the reserve
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @return The configuration of the reserve
   */
  function getConfiguration(
    address asset
  ) external view returns (DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the configuration of the user across all the reserves
   * @param user The user address
   * @return The configuration of the user
   */
  function getUserConfiguration(
    address user
  ) external view returns (DataTypes.UserConfigurationMap memory);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the normalized income of the reserve
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @return The reserve's normalized income
   */
  function getReserveNormalizedIncome(address asset) external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the normalized variable debt per unit of asset
   * @dev WARNING: This function is intended to be used primarily by the protocol itself to get a
   * "dynamic" variable index based on time, current stored index and virtual rate at the current
   * moment (approx. a borrower would get if opening a position). This means that is always used in
   * combination with variable debt supply/balances.
   * If using this function externally, consider that is possible to have an increasing normalized
   * variable debt that is not equivalent to how the variable debt index would be updated in storage
   * (e.g. only updates with non-zero variable debt supply)
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @return The reserve normalized variable debt
   */
  function getReserveNormalizedVariableDebt(address asset) external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the state and configuration of the reserve
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @return The state and configuration data of the reserve
   */
  function getReserveData(address asset) external view returns (DataTypes.ReserveData memory);

  /**
   * @notice Validates and finalizes an aToken transfer
   * @dev Only callable by the overlying aToken of the `asset`
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset of the aToken
   * @param from The user from which the aTokens are transferred
   * @param to The user receiving the aTokens
   * @param amount The amount being transferred/withdrawn
   * @param balanceFromBefore The aToken balance of the `from` user before the transfer
   * @param balanceToBefore The aToken balance of the `to` user before the transfer
   */
  function finalizeTransfer(
    address asset,
    address from,
    address to,
    uint256 amount,
    uint256 balanceFromBefore,
    uint256 balanceToBefore
  ) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns the list of the underlying assets of all the initialized reserves
   * @dev It does not include dropped reserves
   * @return The addresses of the underlying assets of the initialized reserves
   */
  function getReservesList() external view returns (address[] memory);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the address of the underlying asset of a reserve by the reserve id as stored in the DataTypes.ReserveData struct
   * @param id The id of the reserve as stored in the DataTypes.ReserveData struct
   * @return The address of the reserve associated with id
   */
  function getReserveAddressById(uint16 id) external view returns (address);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the PoolAddressesProvider connected to this contract
   * @return The address of the PoolAddressesProvider
   */
  function ADDRESSES_PROVIDER() external view returns (IPoolAddressesProvider);

  /**
   * @notice Updates the protocol fee on the bridging
   * @param bridgeProtocolFee The part of the premium sent to the protocol treasury
   */
  function updateBridgeProtocolFee(uint256 bridgeProtocolFee) external;

  /**
   * @notice Updates flash loan premiums. Flash loan premium consists of two parts:
   * - A part is sent to aToken holders as extra, one time accumulated interest
   * - A part is collected by the protocol treasury
   * @dev The total premium is calculated on the total borrowed amount
   * @dev The premium to protocol is calculated on the total premium, being a percentage of `flashLoanPremiumTotal`
   * @dev Only callable by the PoolConfigurator contract
   * @param flashLoanPremiumTotal The total premium, expressed in bps
   * @param flashLoanPremiumToProtocol The part of the premium sent to the protocol treasury, expressed in bps
   */
  function updateFlashloanPremiums(
    uint128 flashLoanPremiumTotal,
    uint128 flashLoanPremiumToProtocol
  ) external;

  /**
   * @notice Configures a new category for the eMode.
   * @dev In eMode, the protocol allows very high borrowing power to borrow assets of the same category.
   * The category 0 is reserved as it's the default for volatile assets
   * @param id The id of the category
   * @param config The configuration of the category
   */
  function configureEModeCategory(uint8 id, DataTypes.EModeCategory memory config) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns the data of an eMode category
   * @param id The id of the category
   * @return The configuration data of the category
   */
  function getEModeCategoryData(uint8 id) external view returns (DataTypes.EModeCategory memory);

  /**
   * @notice Allows a user to use the protocol in eMode
   * @param categoryId The id of the category
   */
  function setUserEMode(uint8 categoryId) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns the eMode the user is using
   * @param user The address of the user
   * @return The eMode id
   */
  function getUserEMode(address user) external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Resets the isolation mode total debt of the given asset to zero
   * @dev It requires the given asset has zero debt ceiling
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset to reset the isolationModeTotalDebt
   */
  function resetIsolationModeTotalDebt(address asset) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns the percentage of available liquidity that can be borrowed at once at stable rate
   * @return The percentage of available liquidity to borrow, expressed in bps
   */
  function MAX_STABLE_RATE_BORROW_SIZE_PERCENT() external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the total fee on flash loans
   * @return The total fee on flashloans
   */
  function FLASHLOAN_PREMIUM_TOTAL() external view returns (uint128);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the part of the bridge fees sent to protocol
   * @return The bridge fee sent to the protocol treasury
   */
  function BRIDGE_PROTOCOL_FEE() external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the part of the flashloan fees sent to protocol
   * @return The flashloan fee sent to the protocol treasury
   */
  function FLASHLOAN_PREMIUM_TO_PROTOCOL() external view returns (uint128);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the maximum number of reserves supported to be listed in this Pool
   * @return The maximum number of reserves supported
   */
  function MAX_NUMBER_RESERVES() external view returns (uint16);

  /**
   * @notice Mints the assets accrued through the reserve factor to the treasury in the form of aTokens
   * @param assets The list of reserves for which the minting needs to be executed
   */
  function mintToTreasury(address[] calldata assets) external;

  /**
   * @notice Rescue and transfer tokens locked in this contract
   * @param token The address of the token
   * @param to The address of the recipient
   * @param amount The amount of token to transfer
   */
  function rescueTokens(address token, address to, uint256 amount) external;

  /**
   * @notice Supplies an `amount` of underlying asset into the reserve, receiving in return overlying aTokens.
   * - E.g. User supplies 100 USDC and gets in return 100 aUSDC
   * @dev Deprecated: Use the `supply` function instead
   * @param asset The address of the underlying asset to supply
   * @param amount The amount to be supplied
   * @param onBehalfOf The address that will receive the aTokens, same as msg.sender if the user
   *   wants to receive them on his own wallet, or a different address if the beneficiary of aTokens
   *   is a different wallet
   * @param referralCode Code used to register the integrator originating the operation, for potential rewards.
   *   0 if the action is executed directly by the user, without any middle-man
   */
  function deposit(address asset, uint256 amount, address onBehalfOf, uint16 referralCode) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity 0.8.10;

interface ISmartTrendStrategy {
    function getMakerPayoff(uint256[2] memory anchorPrices, uint256 settlePrice, uint256 maxPayoff) external pure returns (uint256);
    function getMinterPayoff(uint256[2] memory anchorPrices, uint256 settlePrice, uint256 maxPayoff) external pure returns (uint256);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {IERC20} from '../dependencies/openzeppelin/contracts/IERC20.sol';
import {IScaledBalanceToken} from './IScaledBalanceToken.sol';
import {IInitializableAToken} from './IInitializableAToken.sol';

/**
 * @title IAToken
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Defines the basic interface for an AToken.
 */
interface IAToken is IERC20, IScaledBalanceToken, IInitializableAToken {
  /**
   * @dev Emitted during the transfer action
   * @param from The user whose tokens are being transferred
   * @param to The recipient
   * @param value The scaled amount being transferred
   * @param index The next liquidity index of the reserve
   */
  event BalanceTransfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value, uint256 index);

  /**
   * @notice Mints `amount` aTokens to `user`
   * @param caller The address performing the mint
   * @param onBehalfOf The address of the user that will receive the minted aTokens
   * @param amount The amount of tokens getting minted
   * @param index The next liquidity index of the reserve
   * @return `true` if the the previous balance of the user was 0
   */
  function mint(
    address caller,
    address onBehalfOf,
    uint256 amount,
    uint256 index
  ) external returns (bool);

  /**
   * @notice Burns aTokens from `user` and sends the equivalent amount of underlying to `receiverOfUnderlying`
   * @dev In some instances, the mint event could be emitted from a burn transaction
   * if the amount to burn is less than the interest that the user accrued
   * @param from The address from which the aTokens will be burned
   * @param receiverOfUnderlying The address that will receive the underlying
   * @param amount The amount being burned
   * @param index The next liquidity index of the reserve
   */
  function burn(address from, address receiverOfUnderlying, uint256 amount, uint256 index) external;

  /**
   * @notice Mints aTokens to the reserve treasury
   * @param amount The amount of tokens getting minted
   * @param index The next liquidity index of the reserve
   */
  function mintToTreasury(uint256 amount, uint256 index) external;

  /**
   * @notice Transfers aTokens in the event of a borrow being liquidated, in case the liquidators reclaims the aToken
   * @param from The address getting liquidated, current owner of the aTokens
   * @param to The recipient
   * @param value The amount of tokens getting transferred
   */
  function transferOnLiquidation(address from, address to, uint256 value) external;

  /**
   * @notice Transfers the underlying asset to `target`.
   * @dev Used by the Pool to transfer assets in borrow(), withdraw() and flashLoan()
   * @param target The recipient of the underlying
   * @param amount The amount getting transferred
   */
  function transferUnderlyingTo(address target, uint256 amount) external;

  /**
   * @notice Handles the underlying received by the aToken after the transfer has been completed.
   * @dev The default implementation is empty as with standard ERC20 tokens, nothing needs to be done after the
   * transfer is concluded. However in the future there may be aTokens that allow for example to stake the underlying
   * to receive LM rewards. In that case, `handleRepayment()` would perform the staking of the underlying asset.
   * @param user The user executing the repayment
   * @param onBehalfOf The address of the user who will get his debt reduced/removed
   * @param amount The amount getting repaid
   */
  function handleRepayment(address user, address onBehalfOf, uint256 amount) external;

  /**
   * @notice Allow passing a signed message to approve spending
   * @dev implements the permit function as for
   * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/8a34d644aacf0f9f8f00815307fd7dd5da07655f/EIPS/eip-2612.md
   * @param owner The owner of the funds
   * @param spender The spender
   * @param value The amount
   * @param deadline The deadline timestamp, type(uint256).max for max deadline
   * @param v Signature param
   * @param s Signature param
   * @param r Signature param
   */
  function permit(
    address owner,
    address spender,
    uint256 value,
    uint256 deadline,
    uint8 v,
    bytes32 r,
    bytes32 s
  ) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns the address of the underlying asset of this aToken (E.g. WETH for aWETH)
   * @return The address of the underlying asset
   */
  function UNDERLYING_ASSET_ADDRESS() external view returns (address);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the address of the Aave treasury, receiving the fees on this aToken.
   * @return Address of the Aave treasury
   */
  function RESERVE_TREASURY_ADDRESS() external view returns (address);

  /**
   * @notice Get the domain separator for the token
   * @dev Return cached value if chainId matches cache, otherwise recomputes separator
   * @return The domain separator of the token at current chain
   */
  function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the nonce for owner.
   * @param owner The address of the owner
   * @return The nonce of the owner
   */
  function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Rescue and transfer tokens locked in this contract
   * @param token The address of the token
   * @param to The address of the recipient
   * @param amount The amount of token to transfer
   */
  function rescueTokens(address token, address to, uint256 amount) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {IInitializableDebtToken} from './IInitializableDebtToken.sol';

/**
 * @title IStableDebtToken
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Defines the interface for the stable debt token
 * @dev It does not inherit from IERC20 to save in code size
 */
interface IStableDebtToken is IInitializableDebtToken {
  /**
   * @dev Emitted when new stable debt is minted
   * @param user The address of the user who triggered the minting
   * @param onBehalfOf The recipient of stable debt tokens
   * @param amount The amount minted (user entered amount + balance increase from interest)
   * @param currentBalance The balance of the user based on the previous balance and balance increase from interest
   * @param balanceIncrease The increase in balance since the last action of the user 'onBehalfOf'
   * @param newRate The rate of the debt after the minting
   * @param avgStableRate The next average stable rate after the minting
   * @param newTotalSupply The next total supply of the stable debt token after the action
   */
  event Mint(
    address indexed user,
    address indexed onBehalfOf,
    uint256 amount,
    uint256 currentBalance,
    uint256 balanceIncrease,
    uint256 newRate,
    uint256 avgStableRate,
    uint256 newTotalSupply
  );

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when new stable debt is burned
   * @param from The address from which the debt will be burned
   * @param amount The amount being burned (user entered amount - balance increase from interest)
   * @param currentBalance The balance of the user based on the previous balance and balance increase from interest
   * @param balanceIncrease The increase in balance since the last action of 'from'
   * @param avgStableRate The next average stable rate after the burning
   * @param newTotalSupply The next total supply of the stable debt token after the action
   */
  event Burn(
    address indexed from,
    uint256 amount,
    uint256 currentBalance,
    uint256 balanceIncrease,
    uint256 avgStableRate,
    uint256 newTotalSupply
  );

  /**
   * @notice Mints debt token to the `onBehalfOf` address.
   * @dev The resulting rate is the weighted average between the rate of the new debt
   * and the rate of the previous debt
   * @param user The address receiving the borrowed underlying, being the delegatee in case
   * of credit delegate, or same as `onBehalfOf` otherwise
   * @param onBehalfOf The address receiving the debt tokens
   * @param amount The amount of debt tokens to mint
   * @param rate The rate of the debt being minted
   * @return True if it is the first borrow, false otherwise
   * @return The total stable debt
   * @return The average stable borrow rate
   */
  function mint(
    address user,
    address onBehalfOf,
    uint256 amount,
    uint256 rate
  ) external returns (bool, uint256, uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Burns debt of `user`
   * @dev The resulting rate is the weighted average between the rate of the new debt
   * and the rate of the previous debt
   * @dev In some instances, a burn transaction will emit a mint event
   * if the amount to burn is less than the interest the user earned
   * @param from The address from which the debt will be burned
   * @param amount The amount of debt tokens getting burned
   * @return The total stable debt
   * @return The average stable borrow rate
   */
  function burn(address from, uint256 amount) external returns (uint256, uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the average rate of all the stable rate loans.
   * @return The average stable rate
   */
  function getAverageStableRate() external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the stable rate of the user debt
   * @param user The address of the user
   * @return The stable rate of the user
   */
  function getUserStableRate(address user) external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the timestamp of the last update of the user
   * @param user The address of the user
   * @return The timestamp
   */
  function getUserLastUpdated(address user) external view returns (uint40);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the principal, the total supply, the average stable rate and the timestamp for the last update
   * @return The principal
   * @return The total supply
   * @return The average stable rate
   * @return The timestamp of the last update
   */
  function getSupplyData() external view returns (uint256, uint256, uint256, uint40);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the timestamp of the last update of the total supply
   * @return The timestamp
   */
  function getTotalSupplyLastUpdated() external view returns (uint40);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the total supply and the average stable rate
   * @return The total supply
   * @return The average rate
   */
  function getTotalSupplyAndAvgRate() external view returns (uint256, uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the principal debt balance of the user
   * @return The debt balance of the user since the last burn/mint action
   */
  function principalBalanceOf(address user) external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the address of the underlying asset of this stableDebtToken (E.g. WETH for stableDebtWETH)
   * @return The address of the underlying asset
   */
  function UNDERLYING_ASSET_ADDRESS() external view returns (address);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.3) (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20.sol";
import "../extensions/IERC20Permit.sol";
import "../../../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
    using Address for address;

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from the calling contract to `to`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransfer(IERC20 token, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from `from` to `to`, spending the approval given by `from` to the
     * calling contract. If `token` returns no value, non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(IERC20 token, address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
     * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
     *
     * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
     * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
     */
    function safeApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
        // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
        // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
        require(
            (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
            "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
        );
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Increase the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeIncreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, oldAllowance + value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Decrease the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
     */
    function safeDecreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        unchecked {
            uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
            require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, oldAllowance - value));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Set the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` to `value`. If `token` returns no value,
     * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful. Meant to be used with tokens that require the approval
     * to be set to zero before setting it to a non-zero value, such as USDT.
     */
    function forceApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        bytes memory approvalCall = abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value);

        if (!_callOptionalReturnBool(token, approvalCall)) {
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, 0));
            _callOptionalReturn(token, approvalCall);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Use a ERC-2612 signature to set the `owner` approval toward `spender` on `token`.
     * Revert on invalid signature.
     */
    function safePermit(
        IERC20Permit token,
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal {
        uint256 nonceBefore = token.nonces(owner);
        token.permit(owner, spender, value, deadline, v, r, s);
        uint256 nonceAfter = token.nonces(owner);
        require(nonceAfter == nonceBefore + 1, "SafeERC20: permit did not succeed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     */
    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address-functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
        // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.

        bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");
        require(returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     *
     * This is a variant of {_callOptionalReturn} that silents catches all reverts and returns a bool instead.
     */
    function _callOptionalReturnBool(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private returns (bool) {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We cannot use {Address-functionCall} here since this should return false
        // and not revert is the subcall reverts.

        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = address(token).call(data);
        return
            success && (returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool))) && Address.isContract(address(token));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {IScaledBalanceToken} from './IScaledBalanceToken.sol';
import {IInitializableDebtToken} from './IInitializableDebtToken.sol';

/**
 * @title IVariableDebtToken
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Defines the basic interface for a variable debt token.
 */
interface IVariableDebtToken is IScaledBalanceToken, IInitializableDebtToken {
  /**
   * @notice Mints debt token to the `onBehalfOf` address
   * @param user The address receiving the borrowed underlying, being the delegatee in case
   * of credit delegate, or same as `onBehalfOf` otherwise
   * @param onBehalfOf The address receiving the debt tokens
   * @param amount The amount of debt being minted
   * @param index The variable debt index of the reserve
   * @return True if the previous balance of the user is 0, false otherwise
   * @return The scaled total debt of the reserve
   */
  function mint(
    address user,
    address onBehalfOf,
    uint256 amount,
    uint256 index
  ) external returns (bool, uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Burns user variable debt
   * @dev In some instances, a burn transaction will emit a mint event
   * if the amount to burn is less than the interest that the user accrued
   * @param from The address from which the debt will be burned
   * @param amount The amount getting burned
   * @param index The variable debt index of the reserve
   * @return The scaled total debt of the reserve
   */
  function burn(address from, uint256 amount, uint256 index) external returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the address of the underlying asset of this debtToken (E.g. WETH for variableDebtWETH)
   * @return The address of the underlying asset
   */
  function UNDERLYING_ASSET_ADDRESS() external view returns (address);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title IScaledBalanceToken
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Defines the basic interface for a scaled-balance token.
 */
interface IScaledBalanceToken {
  /**
   * @dev Emitted after the mint action
   * @param caller The address performing the mint
   * @param onBehalfOf The address of the user that will receive the minted tokens
   * @param value The scaled-up amount being minted (based on user entered amount and balance increase from interest)
   * @param balanceIncrease The increase in scaled-up balance since the last action of 'onBehalfOf'
   * @param index The next liquidity index of the reserve
   */
  event Mint(
    address indexed caller,
    address indexed onBehalfOf,
    uint256 value,
    uint256 balanceIncrease,
    uint256 index
  );

  /**
   * @dev Emitted after the burn action
   * @dev If the burn function does not involve a transfer of the underlying asset, the target defaults to zero address
   * @param from The address from which the tokens will be burned
   * @param target The address that will receive the underlying, if any
   * @param value The scaled-up amount being burned (user entered amount - balance increase from interest)
   * @param balanceIncrease The increase in scaled-up balance since the last action of 'from'
   * @param index The next liquidity index of the reserve
   */
  event Burn(
    address indexed from,
    address indexed target,
    uint256 value,
    uint256 balanceIncrease,
    uint256 index
  );

  /**
   * @notice Returns the scaled balance of the user.
   * @dev The scaled balance is the sum of all the updated stored balance divided by the reserve's liquidity index
   * at the moment of the update
   * @param user The user whose balance is calculated
   * @return The scaled balance of the user
   */
  function scaledBalanceOf(address user) external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the scaled balance of the user and the scaled total supply.
   * @param user The address of the user
   * @return The scaled balance of the user
   * @return The scaled total supply
   */
  function getScaledUserBalanceAndSupply(address user) external view returns (uint256, uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Returns the scaled total supply of the scaled balance token. Represents sum(debt/index)
   * @return The scaled total supply
   */
  function scaledTotalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @notice Returns last index interest was accrued to the user's balance
   * @param user The address of the user
   * @return The last index interest was accrued to the user's balance, expressed in ray
   */
  function getPreviousIndex(address user) external view returns (uint256);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {IAaveIncentivesController} from './IAaveIncentivesController.sol';
import {IPool} from './IPool.sol';

/**
 * @title IInitializableAToken
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Interface for the initialize function on AToken
 */
interface IInitializableAToken {
  /**
   * @dev Emitted when an aToken is initialized
   * @param underlyingAsset The address of the underlying asset
   * @param pool The address of the associated pool
   * @param treasury The address of the treasury
   * @param incentivesController The address of the incentives controller for this aToken
   * @param aTokenDecimals The decimals of the underlying
   * @param aTokenName The name of the aToken
   * @param aTokenSymbol The symbol of the aToken
   * @param params A set of encoded parameters for additional initialization
   */
  event Initialized(
    address indexed underlyingAsset,
    address indexed pool,
    address treasury,
    address incentivesController,
    uint8 aTokenDecimals,
    string aTokenName,
    string aTokenSymbol,
    bytes params
  );

  /**
   * @notice Initializes the aToken
   * @param pool The pool contract that is initializing this contract
   * @param treasury The address of the Aave treasury, receiving the fees on this aToken
   * @param underlyingAsset The address of the underlying asset of this aToken (E.g. WETH for aWETH)
   * @param incentivesController The smart contract managing potential incentives distribution
   * @param aTokenDecimals The decimals of the aToken, same as the underlying asset's
   * @param aTokenName The name of the aToken
   * @param aTokenSymbol The symbol of the aToken
   * @param params A set of encoded parameters for additional initialization
   */
  function initialize(
    IPool pool,
    address treasury,
    address underlyingAsset,
    IAaveIncentivesController incentivesController,
    uint8 aTokenDecimals,
    string calldata aTokenName,
    string calldata aTokenSymbol,
    bytes calldata params
  ) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title IPoolAddressesProvider
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Defines the basic interface for a Pool Addresses Provider.
 */
interface IPoolAddressesProvider {
  /**
   * @dev Emitted when the market identifier is updated.
   * @param oldMarketId The old id of the market
   * @param newMarketId The new id of the market
   */
  event MarketIdSet(string indexed oldMarketId, string indexed newMarketId);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when the pool is updated.
   * @param oldAddress The old address of the Pool
   * @param newAddress The new address of the Pool
   */
  event PoolUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when the pool configurator is updated.
   * @param oldAddress The old address of the PoolConfigurator
   * @param newAddress The new address of the PoolConfigurator
   */
  event PoolConfiguratorUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when the price oracle is updated.
   * @param oldAddress The old address of the PriceOracle
   * @param newAddress The new address of the PriceOracle
   */
  event PriceOracleUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when the ACL manager is updated.
   * @param oldAddress The old address of the ACLManager
   * @param newAddress The new address of the ACLManager
   */
  event ACLManagerUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when the ACL admin is updated.
   * @param oldAddress The old address of the ACLAdmin
   * @param newAddress The new address of the ACLAdmin
   */
  event ACLAdminUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when the price oracle sentinel is updated.
   * @param oldAddress The old address of the PriceOracleSentinel
   * @param newAddress The new address of the PriceOracleSentinel
   */
  event PriceOracleSentinelUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when the pool data provider is updated.
   * @param oldAddress The old address of the PoolDataProvider
   * @param newAddress The new address of the PoolDataProvider
   */
  event PoolDataProviderUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when a new proxy is created.
   * @param id The identifier of the proxy
   * @param proxyAddress The address of the created proxy contract
   * @param implementationAddress The address of the implementation contract
   */
  event ProxyCreated(
    bytes32 indexed id,
    address indexed proxyAddress,
    address indexed implementationAddress
  );

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when a new non-proxied contract address is registered.
   * @param id The identifier of the contract
   * @param oldAddress The address of the old contract
   * @param newAddress The address of the new contract
   */
  event AddressSet(bytes32 indexed id, address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when the implementation of the proxy registered with id is updated
   * @param id The identifier of the contract
   * @param proxyAddress The address of the proxy contract
   * @param oldImplementationAddress The address of the old implementation contract
   * @param newImplementationAddress The address of the new implementation contract
   */
  event AddressSetAsProxy(
    bytes32 indexed id,
    address indexed proxyAddress,
    address oldImplementationAddress,
    address indexed newImplementationAddress
  );

  /**
   * @notice Returns the id of the Aave market to which this contract points to.
   * @return The market id
   */
  function getMarketId() external view returns (string memory);

  /**
   * @notice Associates an id with a specific PoolAddressesProvider.
   * @dev This can be used to create an onchain registry of PoolAddressesProviders to
   * identify and validate multiple Aave markets.
   * @param newMarketId The market id
   */
  function setMarketId(string calldata newMarketId) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns an address by its identifier.
   * @dev The returned address might be an EOA or a contract, potentially proxied
   * @dev It returns ZERO if there is no registered address with the given id
   * @param id The id
   * @return The address of the registered for the specified id
   */
  function getAddress(bytes32 id) external view returns (address);

  /**
   * @notice General function to update the implementation of a proxy registered with
   * certain `id`. If there is no proxy registered, it will instantiate one and
   * set as implementation the `newImplementationAddress`.
   * @dev IMPORTANT Use this function carefully, only for ids that don't have an explicit
   * setter function, in order to avoid unexpected consequences
   * @param id The id
   * @param newImplementationAddress The address of the new implementation
   */
  function setAddressAsProxy(bytes32 id, address newImplementationAddress) external;

  /**
   * @notice Sets an address for an id replacing the address saved in the addresses map.
   * @dev IMPORTANT Use this function carefully, as it will do a hard replacement
   * @param id The id
   * @param newAddress The address to set
   */
  function setAddress(bytes32 id, address newAddress) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns the address of the Pool proxy.
   * @return The Pool proxy address
   */
  function getPool() external view returns (address);

  /**
   * @notice Updates the implementation of the Pool, or creates a proxy
   * setting the new `pool` implementation when the function is called for the first time.
   * @param newPoolImpl The new Pool implementation
   */
  function setPoolImpl(address newPoolImpl) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns the address of the PoolConfigurator proxy.
   * @return The PoolConfigurator proxy address
   */
  function getPoolConfigurator() external view returns (address);

  /**
   * @notice Updates the implementation of the PoolConfigurator, or creates a proxy
   * setting the new `PoolConfigurator` implementation when the function is called for the first time.
   * @param newPoolConfiguratorImpl The new PoolConfigurator implementation
   */
  function setPoolConfiguratorImpl(address newPoolConfiguratorImpl) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns the address of the price oracle.
   * @return The address of the PriceOracle
   */
  function getPriceOracle() external view returns (address);

  /**
   * @notice Updates the address of the price oracle.
   * @param newPriceOracle The address of the new PriceOracle
   */
  function setPriceOracle(address newPriceOracle) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns the address of the ACL manager.
   * @return The address of the ACLManager
   */
  function getACLManager() external view returns (address);

  /**
   * @notice Updates the address of the ACL manager.
   * @param newAclManager The address of the new ACLManager
   */
  function setACLManager(address newAclManager) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns the address of the ACL admin.
   * @return The address of the ACL admin
   */
  function getACLAdmin() external view returns (address);

  /**
   * @notice Updates the address of the ACL admin.
   * @param newAclAdmin The address of the new ACL admin
   */
  function setACLAdmin(address newAclAdmin) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns the address of the price oracle sentinel.
   * @return The address of the PriceOracleSentinel
   */
  function getPriceOracleSentinel() external view returns (address);

  /**
   * @notice Updates the address of the price oracle sentinel.
   * @param newPriceOracleSentinel The address of the new PriceOracleSentinel
   */
  function setPriceOracleSentinel(address newPriceOracleSentinel) external;

  /**
   * @notice Returns the address of the data provider.
   * @return The address of the DataProvider
   */
  function getPoolDataProvider() external view returns (address);

  /**
   * @notice Updates the address of the data provider.
   * @param newDataProvider The address of the new DataProvider
   */
  function setPoolDataProvider(address newDataProvider) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title Errors library
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Defines the error messages emitted by the different contracts of the Aave protocol
 */
library Errors {
  string public constant CALLER_NOT_POOL_ADMIN = '1'; // 'The caller of the function is not a pool admin'
  string public constant CALLER_NOT_EMERGENCY_ADMIN = '2'; // 'The caller of the function is not an emergency admin'
  string public constant CALLER_NOT_POOL_OR_EMERGENCY_ADMIN = '3'; // 'The caller of the function is not a pool or emergency admin'
  string public constant CALLER_NOT_RISK_OR_POOL_ADMIN = '4'; // 'The caller of the function is not a risk or pool admin'
  string public constant CALLER_NOT_ASSET_LISTING_OR_POOL_ADMIN = '5'; // 'The caller of the function is not an asset listing or pool admin'
  string public constant CALLER_NOT_BRIDGE = '6'; // 'The caller of the function is not a bridge'
  string public constant ADDRESSES_PROVIDER_NOT_REGISTERED = '7'; // 'Pool addresses provider is not registered'
  string public constant INVALID_ADDRESSES_PROVIDER_ID = '8'; // 'Invalid id for the pool addresses provider'
  string public constant NOT_CONTRACT = '9'; // 'Address is not a contract'
  string public constant CALLER_NOT_POOL_CONFIGURATOR = '10'; // 'The caller of the function is not the pool configurator'
  string public constant CALLER_NOT_ATOKEN = '11'; // 'The caller of the function is not an AToken'
  string public constant INVALID_ADDRESSES_PROVIDER = '12'; // 'The address of the pool addresses provider is invalid'
  string public constant INVALID_FLASHLOAN_EXECUTOR_RETURN = '13'; // 'Invalid return value of the flashloan executor function'
  string public constant RESERVE_ALREADY_ADDED = '14'; // 'Reserve has already been added to reserve list'
  string public constant NO_MORE_RESERVES_ALLOWED = '15'; // 'Maximum amount of reserves in the pool reached'
  string public constant EMODE_CATEGORY_RESERVED = '16'; // 'Zero eMode category is reserved for volatile heterogeneous assets'
  string public constant INVALID_EMODE_CATEGORY_ASSIGNMENT = '17'; // 'Invalid eMode category assignment to asset'
  string public constant RESERVE_LIQUIDITY_NOT_ZERO = '18'; // 'The liquidity of the reserve needs to be 0'
  string public constant FLASHLOAN_PREMIUM_INVALID = '19'; // 'Invalid flashloan premium'
  string public constant INVALID_RESERVE_PARAMS = '20'; // 'Invalid risk parameters for the reserve'
  string public constant INVALID_EMODE_CATEGORY_PARAMS = '21'; // 'Invalid risk parameters for the eMode category'
  string public constant BRIDGE_PROTOCOL_FEE_INVALID = '22'; // 'Invalid bridge protocol fee'
  string public constant CALLER_MUST_BE_POOL = '23'; // 'The caller of this function must be a pool'
  string public constant INVALID_MINT_AMOUNT = '24'; // 'Invalid amount to mint'
  string public constant INVALID_BURN_AMOUNT = '25'; // 'Invalid amount to burn'
  string public constant INVALID_AMOUNT = '26'; // 'Amount must be greater than 0'
  string public constant RESERVE_INACTIVE = '27'; // 'Action requires an active reserve'
  string public constant RESERVE_FROZEN = '28'; // 'Action cannot be performed because the reserve is frozen'
  string public constant RESERVE_PAUSED = '29'; // 'Action cannot be performed because the reserve is paused'
  string public constant BORROWING_NOT_ENABLED = '30'; // 'Borrowing is not enabled'
  string public constant STABLE_BORROWING_NOT_ENABLED = '31'; // 'Stable borrowing is not enabled'
  string public constant NOT_ENOUGH_AVAILABLE_USER_BALANCE = '32'; // 'User cannot withdraw more than the available balance'
  string public constant INVALID_INTEREST_RATE_MODE_SELECTED = '33'; // 'Invalid interest rate mode selected'
  string public constant COLLATERAL_BALANCE_IS_ZERO = '34'; // 'The collateral balance is 0'
  string public constant HEALTH_FACTOR_LOWER_THAN_LIQUIDATION_THRESHOLD = '35'; // 'Health factor is lesser than the liquidation threshold'
  string public constant COLLATERAL_CANNOT_COVER_NEW_BORROW = '36'; // 'There is not enough collateral to cover a new borrow'
  string public constant COLLATERAL_SAME_AS_BORROWING_CURRENCY = '37'; // 'Collateral is (mostly) the same currency that is being borrowed'
  string public constant AMOUNT_BIGGER_THAN_MAX_LOAN_SIZE_STABLE = '38'; // 'The requested amount is greater than the max loan size in stable rate mode'
  string public constant NO_DEBT_OF_SELECTED_TYPE = '39'; // 'For repayment of a specific type of debt, the user needs to have debt that type'
  string public constant NO_EXPLICIT_AMOUNT_TO_REPAY_ON_BEHALF = '40'; // 'To repay on behalf of a user an explicit amount to repay is needed'
  string public constant NO_OUTSTANDING_STABLE_DEBT = '41'; // 'User does not have outstanding stable rate debt on this reserve'
  string public constant NO_OUTSTANDING_VARIABLE_DEBT = '42'; // 'User does not have outstanding variable rate debt on this reserve'
  string public constant UNDERLYING_BALANCE_ZERO = '43'; // 'The underlying balance needs to be greater than 0'
  string public constant INTEREST_RATE_REBALANCE_CONDITIONS_NOT_MET = '44'; // 'Interest rate rebalance conditions were not met'
  string public constant HEALTH_FACTOR_NOT_BELOW_THRESHOLD = '45'; // 'Health factor is not below the threshold'
  string public constant COLLATERAL_CANNOT_BE_LIQUIDATED = '46'; // 'The collateral chosen cannot be liquidated'
  string public constant SPECIFIED_CURRENCY_NOT_BORROWED_BY_USER = '47'; // 'User did not borrow the specified currency'
  string public constant INCONSISTENT_FLASHLOAN_PARAMS = '49'; // 'Inconsistent flashloan parameters'
  string public constant BORROW_CAP_EXCEEDED = '50'; // 'Borrow cap is exceeded'
  string public constant SUPPLY_CAP_EXCEEDED = '51'; // 'Supply cap is exceeded'
  string public constant UNBACKED_MINT_CAP_EXCEEDED = '52'; // 'Unbacked mint cap is exceeded'
  string public constant DEBT_CEILING_EXCEEDED = '53'; // 'Debt ceiling is exceeded'
  string public constant UNDERLYING_CLAIMABLE_RIGHTS_NOT_ZERO = '54'; // 'Claimable rights over underlying not zero (aToken supply or accruedToTreasury)'
  string public constant STABLE_DEBT_NOT_ZERO = '55'; // 'Stable debt supply is not zero'
  string public constant VARIABLE_DEBT_SUPPLY_NOT_ZERO = '56'; // 'Variable debt supply is not zero'
  string public constant LTV_VALIDATION_FAILED = '57'; // 'Ltv validation failed'
  string public constant INCONSISTENT_EMODE_CATEGORY = '58'; // 'Inconsistent eMode category'
  string public constant PRICE_ORACLE_SENTINEL_CHECK_FAILED = '59'; // 'Price oracle sentinel validation failed'
  string public constant ASSET_NOT_BORROWABLE_IN_ISOLATION = '60'; // 'Asset is not borrowable in isolation mode'
  string public constant RESERVE_ALREADY_INITIALIZED = '61'; // 'Reserve has already been initialized'
  string public constant USER_IN_ISOLATION_MODE_OR_LTV_ZERO = '62'; // 'User is in isolation mode or ltv is zero'
  string public constant INVALID_LTV = '63'; // 'Invalid ltv parameter for the reserve'
  string public constant INVALID_LIQ_THRESHOLD = '64'; // 'Invalid liquidity threshold parameter for the reserve'
  string public constant INVALID_LIQ_BONUS = '65'; // 'Invalid liquidity bonus parameter for the reserve'
  string public constant INVALID_DECIMALS = '66'; // 'Invalid decimals parameter of the underlying asset of the reserve'
  string public constant INVALID_RESERVE_FACTOR = '67'; // 'Invalid reserve factor parameter for the reserve'
  string public constant INVALID_BORROW_CAP = '68'; // 'Invalid borrow cap for the reserve'
  string public constant INVALID_SUPPLY_CAP = '69'; // 'Invalid supply cap for the reserve'
  string public constant INVALID_LIQUIDATION_PROTOCOL_FEE = '70'; // 'Invalid liquidation protocol fee for the reserve'
  string public constant INVALID_EMODE_CATEGORY = '71'; // 'Invalid eMode category for the reserve'
  string public constant INVALID_UNBACKED_MINT_CAP = '72'; // 'Invalid unbacked mint cap for the reserve'
  string public constant INVALID_DEBT_CEILING = '73'; // 'Invalid debt ceiling for the reserve
  string public constant INVALID_RESERVE_INDEX = '74'; // 'Invalid reserve index'
  string public constant ACL_ADMIN_CANNOT_BE_ZERO = '75'; // 'ACL admin cannot be set to the zero address'
  string public constant INCONSISTENT_PARAMS_LENGTH = '76'; // 'Array parameters that should be equal length are not'
  string public constant ZERO_ADDRESS_NOT_VALID = '77'; // 'Zero address not valid'
  string public constant INVALID_EXPIRATION = '78'; // 'Invalid expiration'
  string public constant INVALID_SIGNATURE = '79'; // 'Invalid signature'
  string public constant OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED = '80'; // 'Operation not supported'
  string public constant DEBT_CEILING_NOT_ZERO = '81'; // 'Debt ceiling is not zero'
  string public constant ASSET_NOT_LISTED = '82'; // 'Asset is not listed'
  string public constant INVALID_OPTIMAL_USAGE_RATIO = '83'; // 'Invalid optimal usage ratio'
  string public constant INVALID_OPTIMAL_STABLE_TO_TOTAL_DEBT_RATIO = '84'; // 'Invalid optimal stable to total debt ratio'
  string public constant UNDERLYING_CANNOT_BE_RESCUED = '85'; // 'The underlying asset cannot be rescued'
  string public constant ADDRESSES_PROVIDER_ALREADY_ADDED = '86'; // 'Reserve has already been added to reserve list'
  string public constant POOL_ADDRESSES_DO_NOT_MATCH = '87'; // 'The token implementation pool address and the pool address provided by the initializing pool do not match'
  string public constant STABLE_BORROWING_ENABLED = '88'; // 'Stable borrowing is enabled'
  string public constant SILOED_BORROWING_VIOLATION = '89'; // 'User is trying to borrow multiple assets including a siloed one'
  string public constant RESERVE_DEBT_NOT_ZERO = '90'; // the total debt of the reserve needs to be 0
  string public constant FLASHLOAN_DISABLED = '91'; // FlashLoaning for this asset is disabled
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {WadRayMath} from './WadRayMath.sol';

/**
 * @title MathUtils library
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Provides functions to perform linear and compounded interest calculations
 */
library MathUtils {
  using WadRayMath for uint256;

  /// @dev Ignoring leap years
  uint256 internal constant SECONDS_PER_YEAR = 365 days;

  /**
   * @dev Function to calculate the interest accumulated using a linear interest rate formula
   * @param rate The interest rate, in ray
   * @param lastUpdateTimestamp The timestamp of the last update of the interest
   * @return The interest rate linearly accumulated during the timeDelta, in ray
   */
  function calculateLinearInterest(
    uint256 rate,
    uint40 lastUpdateTimestamp
  ) internal view returns (uint256) {
    //solium-disable-next-line
    uint256 result = rate * (block.timestamp - uint256(lastUpdateTimestamp));
    unchecked {
      result = result / SECONDS_PER_YEAR;
    }

    return WadRayMath.RAY + result;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Function to calculate the interest using a compounded interest rate formula
   * To avoid expensive exponentiation, the calculation is performed using a binomial approximation:
   *
   *  (1+x)^n = 1+n*x+[n/2*(n-1)]*x^2+[n/6*(n-1)*(n-2)*x^3...
   *
   * The approximation slightly underpays liquidity providers and undercharges borrowers, with the advantage of great
   * gas cost reductions. The whitepaper contains reference to the approximation and a table showing the margin of
   * error per different time periods
   *
   * @param rate The interest rate, in ray
   * @param lastUpdateTimestamp The timestamp of the last update of the interest
   * @return The interest rate compounded during the timeDelta, in ray
   */
  function calculateCompoundedInterest(
    uint256 rate,
    uint40 lastUpdateTimestamp,
    uint256 currentTimestamp
  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    //solium-disable-next-line
    uint256 exp = currentTimestamp - uint256(lastUpdateTimestamp);

    if (exp == 0) {
      return WadRayMath.RAY;
    }

    uint256 expMinusOne;
    uint256 expMinusTwo;
    uint256 basePowerTwo;
    uint256 basePowerThree;
    unchecked {
      expMinusOne = exp - 1;

      expMinusTwo = exp > 2 ? exp - 2 : 0;

      basePowerTwo = rate.rayMul(rate) / (SECONDS_PER_YEAR * SECONDS_PER_YEAR);
      basePowerThree = basePowerTwo.rayMul(rate) / SECONDS_PER_YEAR;
    }

    uint256 secondTerm = exp * expMinusOne * basePowerTwo;
    unchecked {
      secondTerm /= 2;
    }
    uint256 thirdTerm = exp * expMinusOne * expMinusTwo * basePowerThree;
    unchecked {
      thirdTerm /= 6;
    }

    return WadRayMath.RAY + (rate * exp) / SECONDS_PER_YEAR + secondTerm + thirdTerm;
  }

  /**
   * @dev Calculates the compounded interest between the timestamp of the last update and the current block timestamp
   * @param rate The interest rate (in ray)
   * @param lastUpdateTimestamp The timestamp from which the interest accumulation needs to be calculated
   * @return The interest rate compounded between lastUpdateTimestamp and current block timestamp, in ray
   */
  function calculateCompoundedInterest(
    uint256 rate,
    uint40 lastUpdateTimestamp
  ) internal view returns (uint256) {
    return calculateCompoundedInterest(rate, lastUpdateTimestamp, block.timestamp);
  }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {IAaveIncentivesController} from './IAaveIncentivesController.sol';
import {IPool} from './IPool.sol';

/**
 * @title IInitializableDebtToken
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Interface for the initialize function common between debt tokens
 */
interface IInitializableDebtToken {
  /**
   * @dev Emitted when a debt token is initialized
   * @param underlyingAsset The address of the underlying asset
   * @param pool The address of the associated pool
   * @param incentivesController The address of the incentives controller for this aToken
   * @param debtTokenDecimals The decimals of the debt token
   * @param debtTokenName The name of the debt token
   * @param debtTokenSymbol The symbol of the debt token
   * @param params A set of encoded parameters for additional initialization
   */
  event Initialized(
    address indexed underlyingAsset,
    address indexed pool,
    address incentivesController,
    uint8 debtTokenDecimals,
    string debtTokenName,
    string debtTokenSymbol,
    bytes params
  );

  /**
   * @notice Initializes the debt token.
   * @param pool The pool contract that is initializing this contract
   * @param underlyingAsset The address of the underlying asset of this aToken (E.g. WETH for aWETH)
   * @param incentivesController The smart contract managing potential incentives distribution
   * @param debtTokenDecimals The decimals of the debtToken, same as the underlying asset's
   * @param debtTokenName The name of the token
   * @param debtTokenSymbol The symbol of the token
   * @param params A set of encoded parameters for additional initialization
   */
  function initialize(
    IPool pool,
    address underlyingAsset,
    IAaveIncentivesController incentivesController,
    uint8 debtTokenDecimals,
    string memory debtTokenName,
    string memory debtTokenSymbol,
    bytes calldata params
  ) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title WadRayMath library
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Provides functions to perform calculations with Wad and Ray units
 * @dev Provides mul and div function for wads (decimal numbers with 18 digits of precision) and rays (decimal numbers
 * with 27 digits of precision)
 * @dev Operations are rounded. If a value is >=.5, will be rounded up, otherwise rounded down.
 */
library WadRayMath {
  // HALF_WAD and HALF_RAY expressed with extended notation as constant with operations are not supported in Yul assembly
  uint256 internal constant WAD = 1e18;
  uint256 internal constant HALF_WAD = 0.5e18;

  uint256 internal constant RAY = 1e27;
  uint256 internal constant HALF_RAY = 0.5e27;

  uint256 internal constant WAD_RAY_RATIO = 1e9;

  /**
   * @dev Multiplies two wad, rounding half up to the nearest wad
   * @dev assembly optimized for improved gas savings, see https://twitter.com/transmissions11/status/1451131036377571328
   * @param a Wad
   * @param b Wad
   * @return c = a*b, in wad
   */
  function wadMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256 c) {
    // to avoid overflow, a <= (type(uint256).max - HALF_WAD) / b
    assembly {
      if iszero(or(iszero(b), iszero(gt(a, div(sub(not(0), HALF_WAD), b))))) {
        revert(0, 0)
      }

      c := div(add(mul(a, b), HALF_WAD), WAD)
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Divides two wad, rounding half up to the nearest wad
   * @dev assembly optimized for improved gas savings, see https://twitter.com/transmissions11/status/1451131036377571328
   * @param a Wad
   * @param b Wad
   * @return c = a/b, in wad
   */
  function wadDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256 c) {
    // to avoid overflow, a <= (type(uint256).max - halfB) / WAD
    assembly {
      if or(iszero(b), iszero(iszero(gt(a, div(sub(not(0), div(b, 2)), WAD))))) {
        revert(0, 0)
      }

      c := div(add(mul(a, WAD), div(b, 2)), b)
    }
  }

  /**
   * @notice Multiplies two ray, rounding half up to the nearest ray
   * @dev assembly optimized for improved gas savings, see https://twitter.com/transmissions11/status/1451131036377571328
   * @param a Ray
   * @param b Ray
   * @return c = a raymul b
   */
  function rayMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256 c) {
    // to avoid overflow, a <= (type(uint256).max - HALF_RAY) / b
    assembly {
      if iszero(or(iszero(b), iszero(gt(a, div(sub(not(0), HALF_RAY), b))))) {
        revert(0, 0)
      }

      c := div(add(mul(a, b), HALF_RAY), RAY)
    }
  }

  /**
   * @notice Divides two ray, rounding half up to the nearest ray
   * @dev assembly optimized for improved gas savings, see https://twitter.com/transmissions11/status/1451131036377571328
   * @param a Ray
   * @param b Ray
   * @return c = a raydiv b
   */
  function rayDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256 c) {
    // to avoid overflow, a <= (type(uint256).max - halfB) / RAY
    assembly {
      if or(iszero(b), iszero(iszero(gt(a, div(sub(not(0), div(b, 2)), RAY))))) {
        revert(0, 0)
      }

      c := div(add(mul(a, RAY), div(b, 2)), b)
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Casts ray down to wad
   * @dev assembly optimized for improved gas savings, see https://twitter.com/transmissions11/status/1451131036377571328
   * @param a Ray
   * @return b = a converted to wad, rounded half up to the nearest wad
   */
  function rayToWad(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256 b) {
    assembly {
      b := div(a, WAD_RAY_RATIO)
      let remainder := mod(a, WAD_RAY_RATIO)
      if iszero(lt(remainder, div(WAD_RAY_RATIO, 2))) {
        b := add(b, 1)
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * @dev Converts wad up to ray
   * @dev assembly optimized for improved gas savings, see https://twitter.com/transmissions11/status/1451131036377571328
   * @param a Wad
   * @return b = a converted in ray
   */
  function wadToRay(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256 b) {
    // to avoid overflow, b/WAD_RAY_RATIO == a
    assembly {
      b := mul(a, WAD_RAY_RATIO)

      if iszero(eq(div(b, WAD_RAY_RATIO), a)) {
        revert(0, 0)
      }
    }
  }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

library DataTypes {
  struct ReserveData {
    //stores the reserve configuration
    ReserveConfigurationMap configuration;
    //the liquidity index. Expressed in ray
    uint128 liquidityIndex;
    //the current supply rate. Expressed in ray
    uint128 currentLiquidityRate;
    //variable borrow index. Expressed in ray
    uint128 variableBorrowIndex;
    //the current variable borrow rate. Expressed in ray
    uint128 currentVariableBorrowRate;
    //the current stable borrow rate. Expressed in ray
    uint128 currentStableBorrowRate;
    //timestamp of last update
    uint40 lastUpdateTimestamp;
    //the id of the reserve. Represents the position in the list of the active reserves
    uint16 id;
    //aToken address
    address aTokenAddress;
    //stableDebtToken address
    address stableDebtTokenAddress;
    //variableDebtToken address
    address variableDebtTokenAddress;
    //address of the interest rate strategy
    address interestRateStrategyAddress;
    //the current treasury balance, scaled
    uint128 accruedToTreasury;
    //the outstanding unbacked aTokens minted through the bridging feature
    uint128 unbacked;
    //the outstanding debt borrowed against this asset in isolation mode
    uint128 isolationModeTotalDebt;
  }

  struct ReserveConfigurationMap {
    //bit 0-15: LTV
    //bit 16-31: Liq. threshold
    //bit 32-47: Liq. bonus
    //bit 48-55: Decimals
    //bit 56: reserve is active
    //bit 57: reserve is frozen
    //bit 58: borrowing is enabled
    //bit 59: stable rate borrowing enabled
    //bit 60: asset is paused
    //bit 61: borrowing in isolation mode is enabled
    //bit 62-63: reserved
    //bit 64-79: reserve factor
    //bit 80-115 borrow cap in whole tokens, borrowCap == 0 => no cap
    //bit 116-151 supply cap in whole tokens, supplyCap == 0 => no cap
    //bit 152-167 liquidation protocol fee
    //bit 168-175 eMode category
    //bit 176-211 unbacked mint cap in whole tokens, unbackedMintCap == 0 => minting disabled
    //bit 212-251 debt ceiling for isolation mode with (ReserveConfiguration::DEBT_CEILING_DECIMALS) decimals
    //bit 252-255 unused

    uint256 data;
  }

  struct UserConfigurationMap {
    /**
     * @dev Bitmap of the users collaterals and borrows. It is divided in pairs of bits, one pair per asset.
     * The first bit indicates if an asset is used as collateral by the user, the second whether an
     * asset is borrowed by the user.
     */
    uint256 data;
  }

  struct EModeCategory {
    // each eMode category has a custom ltv and liquidation threshold
    uint16 ltv;
    uint16 liquidationThreshold;
    uint16 liquidationBonus;
    // each eMode category may or may not have a custom oracle to override the individual assets price oracles
    address priceSource;
    string label;
  }

  enum InterestRateMode {NONE, STABLE, VARIABLE}

  struct ReserveCache {
    uint256 currScaledVariableDebt;
    uint256 nextScaledVariableDebt;
    uint256 currPrincipalStableDebt;
    uint256 currAvgStableBorrowRate;
    uint256 currTotalStableDebt;
    uint256 nextAvgStableBorrowRate;
    uint256 nextTotalStableDebt;
    uint256 currLiquidityIndex;
    uint256 nextLiquidityIndex;
    uint256 currVariableBorrowIndex;
    uint256 nextVariableBorrowIndex;
    uint256 currLiquidityRate;
    uint256 currVariableBorrowRate;
    uint256 reserveFactor;
    ReserveConfigurationMap reserveConfiguration;
    address aTokenAddress;
    address stableDebtTokenAddress;
    address variableDebtTokenAddress;
    uint40 reserveLastUpdateTimestamp;
    uint40 stableDebtLastUpdateTimestamp;
  }

  struct ExecuteLiquidationCallParams {
    uint256 reservesCount;
    uint256 debtToCover;
    address collateralAsset;
    address debtAsset;
    address user;
    bool receiveAToken;
    address priceOracle;
    uint8 userEModeCategory;
    address priceOracleSentinel;
  }

  struct ExecuteSupplyParams {
    address asset;
    uint256 amount;
    address onBehalfOf;
    uint16 referralCode;
  }

  struct ExecuteBorrowParams {
    address asset;
    address user;
    address onBehalfOf;
    uint256 amount;
    InterestRateMode interestRateMode;
    uint16 referralCode;
    bool releaseUnderlying;
    uint256 maxStableRateBorrowSizePercent;
    uint256 reservesCount;
    address oracle;
    uint8 userEModeCategory;
    address priceOracleSentinel;
  }

  struct ExecuteRepayParams {
    address asset;
    uint256 amount;
    InterestRateMode interestRateMode;
    address onBehalfOf;
    bool useATokens;
  }

  struct ExecuteWithdrawParams {
    address asset;
    uint256 amount;
    address to;
    uint256 reservesCount;
    address oracle;
    uint8 userEModeCategory;
  }

  struct ExecuteSetUserEModeParams {
    uint256 reservesCount;
    address oracle;
    uint8 categoryId;
  }

  struct FinalizeTransferParams {
    address asset;
    address from;
    address to;
    uint256 amount;
    uint256 balanceFromBefore;
    uint256 balanceToBefore;
    uint256 reservesCount;
    address oracle;
    uint8 fromEModeCategory;
  }

  struct FlashloanParams {
    address receiverAddress;
    address[] assets;
    uint256[] amounts;
    uint256[] interestRateModes;
    address onBehalfOf;
    bytes params;
    uint16 referralCode;
    uint256 flashLoanPremiumToProtocol;
    uint256 flashLoanPremiumTotal;
    uint256 maxStableRateBorrowSizePercent;
    uint256 reservesCount;
    address addressesProvider;
    uint8 userEModeCategory;
    bool isAuthorizedFlashBorrower;
  }

  struct FlashloanSimpleParams {
    address receiverAddress;
    address asset;
    uint256 amount;
    bytes params;
    uint16 referralCode;
    uint256 flashLoanPremiumToProtocol;
    uint256 flashLoanPremiumTotal;
  }

  struct FlashLoanRepaymentParams {
    uint256 amount;
    uint256 totalPremium;
    uint256 flashLoanPremiumToProtocol;
    address asset;
    address receiverAddress;
    uint16 referralCode;
  }

  struct CalculateUserAccountDataParams {
    UserConfigurationMap userConfig;
    uint256 reservesCount;
    address user;
    address oracle;
    uint8 userEModeCategory;
  }

  struct ValidateBorrowParams {
    ReserveCache reserveCache;
    UserConfigurationMap userConfig;
    address asset;
    address userAddress;
    uint256 amount;
    InterestRateMode interestRateMode;
    uint256 maxStableLoanPercent;
    uint256 reservesCount;
    address oracle;
    uint8 userEModeCategory;
    address priceOracleSentinel;
    bool isolationModeActive;
    address isolationModeCollateralAddress;
    uint256 isolationModeDebtCeiling;
  }

  struct ValidateLiquidationCallParams {
    ReserveCache debtReserveCache;
    uint256 totalDebt;
    uint256 healthFactor;
    address priceOracleSentinel;
  }

  struct CalculateInterestRatesParams {
    uint256 unbacked;
    uint256 liquidityAdded;
    uint256 liquidityTaken;
    uint256 totalStableDebt;
    uint256 totalVariableDebt;
    uint256 averageStableBorrowRate;
    uint256 reserveFactor;
    address reserve;
    address aToken;
  }

  struct InitReserveParams {
    address asset;
    address aTokenAddress;
    address stableDebtAddress;
    address variableDebtAddress;
    address interestRateStrategyAddress;
    uint16 reservesCount;
    uint16 maxNumberReserves;
  }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.4) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 *
 * ==== Security Considerations
 *
 * There are two important considerations concerning the use of `permit`. The first is that a valid permit signature
 * expresses an allowance, and it should not be assumed to convey additional meaning. In particular, it should not be
 * considered as an intention to spend the allowance in any specific way. The second is that because permits have
 * built-in replay protection and can be submitted by anyone, they can be frontrun. A protocol that uses permits should
 * take this into consideration and allow a `permit` call to fail. Combining these two aspects, a pattern that may be
 * generally recommended is:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function doThingWithPermit(..., uint256 value, uint256 deadline, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) public {
 *     try token.permit(msg.sender, address(this), value, deadline, v, r, s) {} catch {}
 *     doThing(..., value);
 * }
 *
 * function doThing(..., uint256 value) public {
 *     token.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), value);
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Observe that: 1) `msg.sender` is used as the owner, leaving no ambiguity as to the signer intent, and 2) the use of
 * `try/catch` allows the permit to fail and makes the code tolerant to frontrunning. (See also
 * {SafeERC20-safeTransferFrom}).
 *
 * Additionally, note that smart contract wallets (such as Argent or Safe) are not able to produce permit signatures, so
 * contracts should have entry points that don't rely on permit.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     *
     * CAUTION: See Security Considerations above.
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title IAaveIncentivesController
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Defines the basic interface for an Aave Incentives Controller.
 * @dev It only contains one single function, needed as a hook on aToken and debtToken transfers.
 */
interface IAaveIncentivesController {
  /**
   * @dev Called by the corresponding asset on transfer hook in order to update the rewards distribution.
   * @dev The units of `totalSupply` and `userBalance` should be the same.
   * @param user The address of the user whose asset balance has changed
   * @param totalSupply The total supply of the asset prior to user balance change
   * @param userBalance The previous user balance prior to balance change
   */
  function handleAction(address user, uint256 totalSupply, uint256 userBalance) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library AddressUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     *
     * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within
     * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`,
     * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction.
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.4) (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import {Initializable} from "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract ContextUpgradeable is Initializable {
    function __Context_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __Context_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }

    function _contextSuffixLength() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./math/MathUpgradeable.sol";
import "./math/SignedMathUpgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library StringsUpgradeable {
    bytes16 private constant _SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = MathUpgradeable.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), _SYMBOLS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return string(abi.encodePacked(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMathUpgradeable.abs(value))));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, MathUpgradeable.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.
     */
    function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity 0.8.10;

import {IERC20} from '../../../dependencies/openzeppelin/contracts/IERC20.sol';
import {GPv2SafeERC20} from '../../../dependencies/gnosis/contracts/GPv2SafeERC20.sol';
import {IStableDebtToken} from '../../../interfaces/IStableDebtToken.sol';
import {IVariableDebtToken} from '../../../interfaces/IVariableDebtToken.sol';
import {IReserveInterestRateStrategy} from '../../../interfaces/IReserveInterestRateStrategy.sol';
import {ReserveConfiguration} from '../configuration/ReserveConfiguration.sol';
import {MathUtils} from '../math/MathUtils.sol';
import {WadRayMath} from '../math/WadRayMath.sol';
import {PercentageMath} from '../math/PercentageMath.sol';
import {Errors} from '../helpers/Errors.sol';
import {DataTypes} from '../types/DataTypes.sol';
import {SafeCast} from '../../../dependencies/openzeppelin/contracts/SafeCast.sol';

/**
 * @title ReserveLogic library
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Implements the logic to update the reserves state
 */
library ReserveLogic {
  using WadRayMath for uint256;
  using PercentageMath for uint256;
  using SafeCast for uint256;
  using GPv2SafeERC20 for IERC20;
  using ReserveLogic for DataTypes.ReserveData;
  using ReserveConfiguration for DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap;

  // See `IPool` for descriptions
  event ReserveDataUpdated(
    address indexed reserve,
    uint256 liquidityRate,
    uint256 stableBorrowRate,
    uint256 variableBorrowRate,
    uint256 liquidityIndex,
    uint256 variableBorrowIndex
  );

  /**
   * @notice Returns the ongoing normalized income for the reserve.
   * @dev A value of 1e27 means there is no income. As time passes, the income is accrued
   * @dev A value of 2*1e27 means for each unit of asset one unit of income has been accrued
   * @param reserve The reserve object
   * @return The normalized income, expressed in ray
   */
  function getNormalizedIncome(
    DataTypes.ReserveData storage reserve
  ) internal view returns (uint256) {
    uint40 timestamp = reserve.lastUpdateTimestamp;

    //solium-disable-next-line
    if (timestamp == block.timestamp) {
      //if the index was updated in the same block, no need to perform any calculation
      return reserve.liquidityIndex;
    } else {
      return
        MathUtils.calculateLinearInterest(reserve.currentLiquidityRate, timestamp).rayMul(
          reserve.liquidityIndex
        );
    }
  }

  /**
   * @notice Returns the ongoing normalized variable debt for the reserve.
   * @dev A value of 1e27 means there is no debt. As time passes, the debt is accrued
   * @dev A value of 2*1e27 means that for each unit of debt, one unit worth of interest has been accumulated
   * @param reserve The reserve object
   * @return The normalized variable debt, expressed in ray
   */
  function getNormalizedDebt(
    DataTypes.ReserveData storage reserve
  ) internal view returns (uint256) {
    uint40 timestamp = reserve.lastUpdateTimestamp;

    //solium-disable-next-line
    if (timestamp == block.timestamp) {
      //if the index was updated in the same block, no need to perform any calculation
      return reserve.variableBorrowIndex;
    } else {
      return
        MathUtils.calculateCompoundedInterest(reserve.currentVariableBorrowRate, timestamp).rayMul(
          reserve.variableBorrowIndex
        );
    }
  }

  /**
   * @notice Updates the liquidity cumulative index and the variable borrow index.
   * @param reserve The reserve object
   * @param reserveCache The caching layer for the reserve data
   */
  function updateState(
    DataTypes.ReserveData storage reserve,
    DataTypes.ReserveCache memory reserveCache
  ) internal {
    // If time didn't pass since last stored timestamp, skip state update
    //solium-disable-next-line
    if (reserve.lastUpdateTimestamp == uint40(block.timestamp)) {
      return;
    }

    _updateIndexes(reserve, reserveCache);
    _accrueToTreasury(reserve, reserveCache);

    //solium-disable-next-line
    reserve.lastUpdateTimestamp = uint40(block.timestamp);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Accumulates a predefined amount of asset to the reserve as a fixed, instantaneous income. Used for example
   * to accumulate the flashloan fee to the reserve, and spread it between all the suppliers.
   * @param reserve The reserve object
   * @param totalLiquidity The total liquidity available in the reserve
   * @param amount The amount to accumulate
   * @return The next liquidity index of the reserve
   */
  function cumulateToLiquidityIndex(
    DataTypes.ReserveData storage reserve,
    uint256 totalLiquidity,
    uint256 amount
  ) internal returns (uint256) {
    //next liquidity index is calculated this way: `((amount / totalLiquidity) + 1) * liquidityIndex`
    //division `amount / totalLiquidity` done in ray for precision
    uint256 result = (amount.wadToRay().rayDiv(totalLiquidity.wadToRay()) + WadRayMath.RAY).rayMul(
      reserve.liquidityIndex
    );
    reserve.liquidityIndex = result.toUint128();
    return result;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Initializes a reserve.
   * @param reserve The reserve object
   * @param aTokenAddress The address of the overlying atoken contract
   * @param stableDebtTokenAddress The address of the overlying stable debt token contract
   * @param variableDebtTokenAddress The address of the overlying variable debt token contract
   * @param interestRateStrategyAddress The address of the interest rate strategy contract
   */
  function init(
    DataTypes.ReserveData storage reserve,
    address aTokenAddress,
    address stableDebtTokenAddress,
    address variableDebtTokenAddress,
    address interestRateStrategyAddress
  ) internal {
    require(reserve.aTokenAddress == address(0), Errors.RESERVE_ALREADY_INITIALIZED);

    reserve.liquidityIndex = uint128(WadRayMath.RAY);
    reserve.variableBorrowIndex = uint128(WadRayMath.RAY);
    reserve.aTokenAddress = aTokenAddress;
    reserve.stableDebtTokenAddress = stableDebtTokenAddress;
    reserve.variableDebtTokenAddress = variableDebtTokenAddress;
    reserve.interestRateStrategyAddress = interestRateStrategyAddress;
  }

  struct UpdateInterestRatesLocalVars {
    uint256 nextLiquidityRate;
    uint256 nextStableRate;
    uint256 nextVariableRate;
    uint256 totalVariableDebt;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Updates the reserve current stable borrow rate, the current variable borrow rate and the current liquidity rate.
   * @param reserve The reserve reserve to be updated
   * @param reserveCache The caching layer for the reserve data
   * @param reserveAddress The address of the reserve to be updated
   * @param liquidityAdded The amount of liquidity added to the protocol (supply or repay) in the previous action
   * @param liquidityTaken The amount of liquidity taken from the protocol (redeem or borrow)
   */
  function updateInterestRates(
    DataTypes.ReserveData storage reserve,
    DataTypes.ReserveCache memory reserveCache,
    address reserveAddress,
    uint256 liquidityAdded,
    uint256 liquidityTaken
  ) internal {
    UpdateInterestRatesLocalVars memory vars;

    vars.totalVariableDebt = reserveCache.nextScaledVariableDebt.rayMul(
      reserveCache.nextVariableBorrowIndex
    );

    (
      vars.nextLiquidityRate,
      vars.nextStableRate,
      vars.nextVariableRate
    ) = IReserveInterestRateStrategy(reserve.interestRateStrategyAddress).calculateInterestRates(
      DataTypes.CalculateInterestRatesParams({
        unbacked: reserve.unbacked,
        liquidityAdded: liquidityAdded,
        liquidityTaken: liquidityTaken,
        totalStableDebt: reserveCache.nextTotalStableDebt,
        totalVariableDebt: vars.totalVariableDebt,
        averageStableBorrowRate: reserveCache.nextAvgStableBorrowRate,
        reserveFactor: reserveCache.reserveFactor,
        reserve: reserveAddress,
        aToken: reserveCache.aTokenAddress
      })
    );

    reserve.currentLiquidityRate = vars.nextLiquidityRate.toUint128();
    reserve.currentStableBorrowRate = vars.nextStableRate.toUint128();
    reserve.currentVariableBorrowRate = vars.nextVariableRate.toUint128();

    emit ReserveDataUpdated(
      reserveAddress,
      vars.nextLiquidityRate,
      vars.nextStableRate,
      vars.nextVariableRate,
      reserveCache.nextLiquidityIndex,
      reserveCache.nextVariableBorrowIndex
    );
  }

  struct AccrueToTreasuryLocalVars {
    uint256 prevTotalStableDebt;
    uint256 prevTotalVariableDebt;
    uint256 currTotalVariableDebt;
    uint256 cumulatedStableInterest;
    uint256 totalDebtAccrued;
    uint256 amountToMint;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Mints part of the repaid interest to the reserve treasury as a function of the reserve factor for the
   * specific asset.
   * @param reserve The reserve to be updated
   * @param reserveCache The caching layer for the reserve data
   */
  function _accrueToTreasury(
    DataTypes.ReserveData storage reserve,
    DataTypes.ReserveCache memory reserveCache
  ) internal {
    AccrueToTreasuryLocalVars memory vars;

    if (reserveCache.reserveFactor == 0) {
      return;
    }

    //calculate the total variable debt at moment of the last interaction
    vars.prevTotalVariableDebt = reserveCache.currScaledVariableDebt.rayMul(
      reserveCache.currVariableBorrowIndex
    );

    //calculate the new total variable debt after accumulation of the interest on the index
    vars.currTotalVariableDebt = reserveCache.currScaledVariableDebt.rayMul(
      reserveCache.nextVariableBorrowIndex
    );

    //calculate the stable debt until the last timestamp update
    vars.cumulatedStableInterest = MathUtils.calculateCompoundedInterest(
      reserveCache.currAvgStableBorrowRate,
      reserveCache.stableDebtLastUpdateTimestamp,
      reserveCache.reserveLastUpdateTimestamp
    );

    vars.prevTotalStableDebt = reserveCache.currPrincipalStableDebt.rayMul(
      vars.cumulatedStableInterest
    );

    //debt accrued is the sum of the current debt minus the sum of the debt at the last update
    vars.totalDebtAccrued =
      vars.currTotalVariableDebt +
      reserveCache.currTotalStableDebt -
      vars.prevTotalVariableDebt -
      vars.prevTotalStableDebt;

    vars.amountToMint = vars.totalDebtAccrued.percentMul(reserveCache.reserveFactor);

    if (vars.amountToMint != 0) {
      reserve.accruedToTreasury += vars
        .amountToMint
        .rayDiv(reserveCache.nextLiquidityIndex)
        .toUint128();
    }
  }

  /**
   * @notice Updates the reserve indexes and the timestamp of the update.
   * @param reserve The reserve reserve to be updated
   * @param reserveCache The cache layer holding the cached protocol data
   */
  function _updateIndexes(
    DataTypes.ReserveData storage reserve,
    DataTypes.ReserveCache memory reserveCache
  ) internal {
    // Only cumulating on the supply side if there is any income being produced
    // The case of Reserve Factor 100% is not a problem (currentLiquidityRate == 0),
    // as liquidity index should not be updated
    if (reserveCache.currLiquidityRate != 0) {
      uint256 cumulatedLiquidityInterest = MathUtils.calculateLinearInterest(
        reserveCache.currLiquidityRate,
        reserveCache.reserveLastUpdateTimestamp
      );
      reserveCache.nextLiquidityIndex = cumulatedLiquidityInterest.rayMul(
        reserveCache.currLiquidityIndex
      );
      reserve.liquidityIndex = reserveCache.nextLiquidityIndex.toUint128();
    }

    // Variable borrow index only gets updated if there is any variable debt.
    // reserveCache.currVariableBorrowRate != 0 is not a correct validation,
    // because a positive base variable rate can be stored on
    // reserveCache.currVariableBorrowRate, but the index should not increase
    if (reserveCache.currScaledVariableDebt != 0) {
      uint256 cumulatedVariableBorrowInterest = MathUtils.calculateCompoundedInterest(
        reserveCache.currVariableBorrowRate,
        reserveCache.reserveLastUpdateTimestamp
      );
      reserveCache.nextVariableBorrowIndex = cumulatedVariableBorrowInterest.rayMul(
        reserveCache.currVariableBorrowIndex
      );
      reserve.variableBorrowIndex = reserveCache.nextVariableBorrowIndex.toUint128();
    }
  }

  /**
   * @notice Creates a cache object to avoid repeated storage reads and external contract calls when updating state and
   * interest rates.
   * @param reserve The reserve object for which the cache will be filled
   * @return The cache object
   */
  function cache(
    DataTypes.ReserveData storage reserve
  ) internal view returns (DataTypes.ReserveCache memory) {
    DataTypes.ReserveCache memory reserveCache;

    reserveCache.reserveConfiguration = reserve.configuration;
    reserveCache.reserveFactor = reserveCache.reserveConfiguration.getReserveFactor();
    reserveCache.currLiquidityIndex = reserveCache.nextLiquidityIndex = reserve.liquidityIndex;
    reserveCache.currVariableBorrowIndex = reserveCache.nextVariableBorrowIndex = reserve
      .variableBorrowIndex;
    reserveCache.currLiquidityRate = reserve.currentLiquidityRate;
    reserveCache.currVariableBorrowRate = reserve.currentVariableBorrowRate;

    reserveCache.aTokenAddress = reserve.aTokenAddress;
    reserveCache.stableDebtTokenAddress = reserve.stableDebtTokenAddress;
    reserveCache.variableDebtTokenAddress = reserve.variableDebtTokenAddress;

    reserveCache.reserveLastUpdateTimestamp = reserve.lastUpdateTimestamp;

    reserveCache.currScaledVariableDebt = reserveCache.nextScaledVariableDebt = IVariableDebtToken(
      reserveCache.variableDebtTokenAddress
    ).scaledTotalSupply();

    (
      reserveCache.currPrincipalStableDebt,
      reserveCache.currTotalStableDebt,
      reserveCache.currAvgStableBorrowRate,
      reserveCache.stableDebtLastUpdateTimestamp
    ) = IStableDebtToken(reserveCache.stableDebtTokenAddress).getSupplyData();

    // by default the actions are considered as not affecting the debt balances.
    // if the action involves mint/burn of debt, the cache needs to be updated
    reserveCache.nextTotalStableDebt = reserveCache.currTotalStableDebt;
    reserveCache.nextAvgStableBorrowRate = reserveCache.currAvgStableBorrowRate;

    return reserveCache;
  }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (proxy/utils/Initializable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.2;

import "../../utils/AddressUpgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev This is a base contract to aid in writing upgradeable contracts, or any kind of contract that will be deployed
 * behind a proxy. Since proxied contracts do not make use of a constructor, it's common to move constructor logic to an
 * external initializer function, usually called `initialize`. It then becomes necessary to protect this initializer
 * function so it can only be called once. The {initializer} modifier provided by this contract will have this effect.
 *
 * The initialization functions use a version number. Once a version number is used, it is consumed and cannot be
 * reused. This mechanism prevents re-execution of each "step" but allows the creation of new initialization steps in
 * case an upgrade adds a module that needs to be initialized.
 *
 * For example:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```solidity
 * contract MyToken is ERC20Upgradeable {
 *     function initialize() initializer public {
 *         __ERC20_init("MyToken", "MTK");
 *     }
 * }
 *
 * contract MyTokenV2 is MyToken, ERC20PermitUpgradeable {
 *     function initializeV2() reinitializer(2) public {
 *         __ERC20Permit_init("MyToken");
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * TIP: To avoid leaving the proxy in an uninitialized state, the initializer function should be called as early as
 * possible by providing the encoded function call as the `_data` argument to {ERC1967Proxy-constructor}.
 *
 * CAUTION: When used with inheritance, manual care must be taken to not invoke a parent initializer twice, or to ensure
 * that all initializers are idempotent. This is not verified automatically as constructors are by Solidity.
 *
 * [CAUTION]
 * ====
 * Avoid leaving a contract uninitialized.
 *
 * An uninitialized contract can be taken over by an attacker. This applies to both a proxy and its implementation
 * contract, which may impact the proxy. To prevent the implementation contract from being used, you should invoke
 * the {_disableInitializers} function in the constructor to automatically lock it when it is deployed:
 *
 * [.hljs-theme-light.nopadding]
 * ```
 * /// @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow constructor
 * constructor() {
 *     _disableInitializers();
 * }
 * ```
 * ====
 */
abstract contract Initializable {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract has been initialized.
     * @custom:oz-retyped-from bool
     */
    uint8 private _initialized;

    /**
     * @dev Indicates that the contract is in the process of being initialized.
     */
    bool private _initializing;

    /**
     * @dev Triggered when the contract has been initialized or reinitialized.
     */
    event Initialized(uint8 version);

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected initializer function that can be invoked at most once. In its scope,
     * `onlyInitializing` functions can be used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * Similar to `reinitializer(1)`, except that functions marked with `initializer` can be nested in the context of a
     * constructor.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier initializer() {
        bool isTopLevelCall = !_initializing;
        require(
            (isTopLevelCall && _initialized < 1) || (!AddressUpgradeable.isContract(address(this)) && _initialized == 1),
            "Initializable: contract is already initialized"
        );
        _initialized = 1;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = true;
        }
        _;
        if (isTopLevelCall) {
            _initializing = false;
            emit Initialized(1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev A modifier that defines a protected reinitializer function that can be invoked at most once, and only if the
     * contract hasn't been initialized to a greater version before. In its scope, `onlyInitializing` functions can be
     * used to initialize parent contracts.
     *
     * A reinitializer may be used after the original initialization step. This is essential to configure modules that
     * are added through upgrades and that require initialization.
     *
     * When `version` is 1, this modifier is similar to `initializer`, except that functions marked with `reinitializer`
     * cannot be nested. If one is invoked in the context of another, execution will revert.
     *
     * Note that versions can jump in increments greater than 1; this implies that if multiple reinitializers coexist in
     * a contract, executing them in the right order is up to the developer or operator.
     *
     * WARNING: setting the version to 255 will prevent any future reinitialization.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event.
     */
    modifier reinitializer(uint8 version) {
        require(!_initializing && _initialized < version, "Initializable: contract is already initialized");
        _initialized = version;
        _initializing = true;
        _;
        _initializing = false;
        emit Initialized(version);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Modifier to protect an initialization function so that it can only be invoked by functions with the
     * {initializer} and {reinitializer} modifiers, directly or indirectly.
     */
    modifier onlyInitializing() {
        require(_initializing, "Initializable: contract is not initializing");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Locks the contract, preventing any future reinitialization. This cannot be part of an initializer call.
     * Calling this in the constructor of a contract will prevent that contract from being initialized or reinitialized
     * to any version. It is recommended to use this to lock implementation contracts that are designed to be called
     * through proxies.
     *
     * Emits an {Initialized} event the first time it is successfully executed.
     */
    function _disableInitializers() internal virtual {
        require(!_initializing, "Initializable: contract is initializing");
        if (_initialized != type(uint8).max) {
            _initialized = type(uint8).max;
            emit Initialized(type(uint8).max);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the highest version that has been initialized. See {reinitializer}.
     */
    function _getInitializedVersion() internal view returns (uint8) {
        return _initialized;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns `true` if the contract is currently initializing. See {onlyInitializing}.
     */
    function _isInitializing() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _initializing;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
interface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @title PercentageMath library
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Provides functions to perform percentage calculations
 * @dev Percentages are defined by default with 2 decimals of precision (100.00). The precision is indicated by PERCENTAGE_FACTOR
 * @dev Operations are rounded. If a value is >=.5, will be rounded up, otherwise rounded down.
 */
library PercentageMath {
  // Maximum percentage factor (100.00%)
  uint256 internal constant PERCENTAGE_FACTOR = 1e4;

  // Half percentage factor (50.00%)
  uint256 internal constant HALF_PERCENTAGE_FACTOR = 0.5e4;

  /**
   * @notice Executes a percentage multiplication
   * @dev assembly optimized for improved gas savings, see https://twitter.com/transmissions11/status/1451131036377571328
   * @param value The value of which the percentage needs to be calculated
   * @param percentage The percentage of the value to be calculated
   * @return result value percentmul percentage
   */
  function percentMul(uint256 value, uint256 percentage) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
    // to avoid overflow, value <= (type(uint256).max - HALF_PERCENTAGE_FACTOR) / percentage
    assembly {
      if iszero(
        or(
          iszero(percentage),
          iszero(gt(value, div(sub(not(0), HALF_PERCENTAGE_FACTOR), percentage)))
        )
      ) {
        revert(0, 0)
      }

      result := div(add(mul(value, percentage), HALF_PERCENTAGE_FACTOR), PERCENTAGE_FACTOR)
    }
  }

  /**
   * @notice Executes a percentage division
   * @dev assembly optimized for improved gas savings, see https://twitter.com/transmissions11/status/1451131036377571328
   * @param value The value of which the percentage needs to be calculated
   * @param percentage The percentage of the value to be calculated
   * @return result value percentdiv percentage
   */
  function percentDiv(uint256 value, uint256 percentage) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
    // to avoid overflow, value <= (type(uint256).max - halfPercentage) / PERCENTAGE_FACTOR
    assembly {
      if or(
        iszero(percentage),
        iszero(iszero(gt(value, div(sub(not(0), div(percentage, 2)), PERCENTAGE_FACTOR))))
      ) {
        revert(0, 0)
      }

      result := div(add(mul(value, PERCENTAGE_FACTOR), div(percentage, 2)), percentage)
    }
  }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library MathUpgradeable {
    enum Rounding {
        Down, // Toward negative infinity
        Up, // Toward infinity
        Zero // Toward zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
     * of rounding down.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv)
     * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod0 := mul(x, y)
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            require(denominator > prod1, "Math: mulDiv overflow");

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1.
            // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function.
            uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works
            // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {DataTypes} from '../protocol/libraries/types/DataTypes.sol';

/**
 * @title IReserveInterestRateStrategy
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Interface for the calculation of the interest rates
 */
interface IReserveInterestRateStrategy {
  /**
   * @notice Calculates the interest rates depending on the reserve's state and configurations
   * @param params The parameters needed to calculate interest rates
   * @return liquidityRate The liquidity rate expressed in rays
   * @return stableBorrowRate The stable borrow rate expressed in rays
   * @return variableBorrowRate The variable borrow rate expressed in rays
   */
  function calculateInterestRates(
    DataTypes.CalculateInterestRatesParams memory params
  ) external view returns (uint256, uint256, uint256);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
  /**
   * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
   */
  function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
   */
  function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `recipient`.
   *
   * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
   */
  function transfer(address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

  /**
   * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
   * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
   * zero by default.
   *
   * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
   */
  function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

  /**
   * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
   *
   * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
   *
   * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
   * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
   * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
   * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
   * desired value afterwards:
   * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
   *
   * Emits an {Approval} event.
   */
  function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

  /**
   * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `sender` to `recipient` using the
   * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
   * allowance.
   *
   * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
   *
   * Emits a {Transfer} event.
   */
  function transferFrom(address sender, address recipient, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
   * another (`to`).
   *
   * Note that `value` may be zero.
   */
  event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

  /**
   * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
   * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
   */
  event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC1271.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC1271 standard signature validation method for
 * contracts as defined in https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1271[ERC-1271].
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
interface IERC1271Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Should return whether the signature provided is valid for the provided data
     * @param hash      Hash of the data to be signed
     * @param signature Signature byte array associated with _data
     */
    function isValidSignature(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) external view returns (bytes4 magicValue);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-or-later
pragma solidity 0.8.10;

import {IERC20} from '../../openzeppelin/contracts/IERC20.sol';

/// @title Gnosis Protocol v2 Safe ERC20 Transfer Library
/// @author Gnosis Developers
/// @dev Gas-efficient version of Openzeppelin's SafeERC20 contract.
library GPv2SafeERC20 {
  /// @dev Wrapper around a call to the ERC20 function `transfer` that reverts
  /// also when the token returns `false`.
  function safeTransfer(IERC20 token, address to, uint256 value) internal {
    bytes4 selector_ = token.transfer.selector;

    // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
    assembly {
      let freeMemoryPointer := mload(0x40)
      mstore(freeMemoryPointer, selector_)
      mstore(add(freeMemoryPointer, 4), and(to, 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff))
      mstore(add(freeMemoryPointer, 36), value)

      if iszero(call(gas(), token, 0, freeMemoryPointer, 68, 0, 0)) {
        returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())
        revert(0, returndatasize())
      }
    }

    require(getLastTransferResult(token), 'GPv2: failed transfer');
  }

  /// @dev Wrapper around a call to the ERC20 function `transferFrom` that
  /// reverts also when the token returns `false`.
  function safeTransferFrom(IERC20 token, address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
    bytes4 selector_ = token.transferFrom.selector;

    // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
    assembly {
      let freeMemoryPointer := mload(0x40)
      mstore(freeMemoryPointer, selector_)
      mstore(add(freeMemoryPointer, 4), and(from, 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff))
      mstore(add(freeMemoryPointer, 36), and(to, 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff))
      mstore(add(freeMemoryPointer, 68), value)

      if iszero(call(gas(), token, 0, freeMemoryPointer, 100, 0, 0)) {
        returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())
        revert(0, returndatasize())
      }
    }

    require(getLastTransferResult(token), 'GPv2: failed transferFrom');
  }

  /// @dev Verifies that the last return was a successful `transfer*` call.
  /// This is done by checking that the return data is either empty, or
  /// is a valid ABI encoded boolean.
  function getLastTransferResult(IERC20 token) private view returns (bool success) {
    // NOTE: Inspecting previous return data requires assembly. Note that
    // we write the return data to memory 0 in the case where the return
    // data size is 32, this is OK since the first 64 bytes of memory are
    // reserved by Solidy as a scratch space that can be used within
    // assembly blocks.
    // <https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/v0.7.6/internals/layout_in_memory.html>
    // solhint-disable-next-line no-inline-assembly
    assembly {
      /// @dev Revert with an ABI encoded Solidity error with a message
      /// that fits into 32-bytes.
      ///
      /// An ABI encoded Solidity error has the following memory layout:
      ///
      /// ------------+----------------------------------
      ///  byte range | value
      /// ------------+----------------------------------
      ///  0x00..0x04 |        selector("Error(string)")
      ///  0x04..0x24 |      string offset (always 0x20)
      ///  0x24..0x44 |                    string length
      ///  0x44..0x64 | string value, padded to 32-bytes
      function revertWithMessage(length, message) {
        mstore(0x00, '\x08\xc3\x79\xa0')
        mstore(0x04, 0x20)
        mstore(0x24, length)
        mstore(0x44, message)
        revert(0x00, 0x64)
      }

      switch returndatasize()
      // Non-standard ERC20 transfer without return.
      case 0 {
        // NOTE: When the return data size is 0, verify that there
        // is code at the address. This is done in order to maintain
        // compatibility with Solidity calling conventions.
        // <https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/v0.7.6/control-structures.html#external-function-calls>
        if iszero(extcodesize(token)) {
          revertWithMessage(20, 'GPv2: not a contract')
        }

        success := 1
      }
      // Standard ERC20 transfer returning boolean success value.
      case 32 {
        returndatacopy(0, 0, returndatasize())

        // NOTE: For ABI encoding v1, any non-zero value is accepted
        // as `true` for a boolean. In order to stay compatible with
        // OpenZeppelin's `SafeERC20` library which is known to work
        // with the existing ERC20 implementation we care about,
        // make sure we return success for any non-zero return value
        // from the `transfer*` call.
        success := iszero(iszero(mload(0)))
      }
      default {
        revertWithMessage(31, 'GPv2: malformed transfer result')
      }
    }
  }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/math/SafeCast.sol)
pragma solidity 0.8.10;

/**
 * @dev Wrappers over Solidity's uintXX/intXX casting operators with added overflow
 * checks.
 *
 * Downcasting from uint256/int256 in Solidity does not revert on overflow. This can
 * easily result in undesired exploitation or bugs, since developers usually
 * assume that overflows raise errors. `SafeCast` restores this intuition by
 * reverting the transaction when such an operation overflows.
 *
 * Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
 * class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
 *
 * Can be combined with {SafeMath} and {SignedSafeMath} to extend it to smaller types, by performing
 * all math on `uint256` and `int256` and then downcasting.
 */
library SafeCast {
  /**
   * @dev Returns the downcasted uint224 from uint256, reverting on
   * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint224).
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint224` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - input must fit into 224 bits
   */
  function toUint224(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint224) {
    require(value <= type(uint224).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 224 bits");
    return uint224(value);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the downcasted uint128 from uint256, reverting on
   * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint128).
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint128` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - input must fit into 128 bits
   */
  function toUint128(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint128) {
    require(value <= type(uint128).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 128 bits");
    return uint128(value);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the downcasted uint96 from uint256, reverting on
   * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint96).
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint96` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - input must fit into 96 bits
   */
  function toUint96(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint96) {
    require(value <= type(uint96).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 96 bits");
    return uint96(value);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the downcasted uint64 from uint256, reverting on
   * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint64).
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint64` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - input must fit into 64 bits
   */
  function toUint64(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint64) {
    require(value <= type(uint64).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 64 bits");
    return uint64(value);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the downcasted uint32 from uint256, reverting on
   * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint32).
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint32` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - input must fit into 32 bits
   */
  function toUint32(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint32) {
    require(value <= type(uint32).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 32 bits");
    return uint32(value);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the downcasted uint16 from uint256, reverting on
   * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint16).
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint16` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - input must fit into 16 bits
   */
  function toUint16(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint16) {
    require(value <= type(uint16).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 16 bits");
    return uint16(value);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the downcasted uint8 from uint256, reverting on
   * overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint8).
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `uint8` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - input must fit into 8 bits.
   */
  function toUint8(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint8) {
    require(value <= type(uint8).max, "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 8 bits");
    return uint8(value);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Converts a signed int256 into an unsigned uint256.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - input must be greater than or equal to 0.
   */
  function toUint256(int256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    require(value >= 0, 'SafeCast: value must be positive');
    return uint256(value);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the downcasted int128 from int256, reverting on
   * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int128 or
   * greater than largest int128).
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `int128` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - input must fit into 128 bits
   *
   * _Available since v3.1._
   */
  function toInt128(int256 value) internal pure returns (int128) {
    require(
      value >= type(int128).min && value <= type(int128).max,
      "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 128 bits"
    );
    return int128(value);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the downcasted int64 from int256, reverting on
   * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int64 or
   * greater than largest int64).
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `int64` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - input must fit into 64 bits
   *
   * _Available since v3.1._
   */
  function toInt64(int256 value) internal pure returns (int64) {
    require(
      value >= type(int64).min && value <= type(int64).max,
      "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 64 bits"
    );
    return int64(value);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the downcasted int32 from int256, reverting on
   * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int32 or
   * greater than largest int32).
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `int32` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - input must fit into 32 bits
   *
   * _Available since v3.1._
   */
  function toInt32(int256 value) internal pure returns (int32) {
    require(
      value >= type(int32).min && value <= type(int32).max,
      "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 32 bits"
    );
    return int32(value);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the downcasted int16 from int256, reverting on
   * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int16 or
   * greater than largest int16).
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `int16` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - input must fit into 16 bits
   *
   * _Available since v3.1._
   */
  function toInt16(int256 value) internal pure returns (int16) {
    require(
      value >= type(int16).min && value <= type(int16).max,
      "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 16 bits"
    );
    return int16(value);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Returns the downcasted int8 from int256, reverting on
   * overflow (when the input is less than smallest int8 or
   * greater than largest int8).
   *
   * Counterpart to Solidity's `int8` operator.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - input must fit into 8 bits.
   *
   * _Available since v3.1._
   */
  function toInt8(int256 value) internal pure returns (int8) {
    require(
      value >= type(int8).min && value <= type(int8).max,
      "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in 8 bits"
    );
    return int8(value);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Converts an unsigned uint256 into a signed int256.
   *
   * Requirements:
   *
   * - input must be less than or equal to maxInt256.
   */
  function toInt256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (int256) {
    // Note: Unsafe cast below is okay because `type(int256).max` is guaranteed to be positive
    require(value <= uint256(type(int256).max), "SafeCast: value doesn't fit in an int256");
    return int256(value);
  }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC1155/ERC1155.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC1155Upgradeable.sol";
import "./IERC1155ReceiverUpgradeable.sol";
import "./extensions/IERC1155MetadataURIUpgradeable.sol";
import "../../utils/AddressUpgradeable.sol";
import "../../utils/ContextUpgradeable.sol";
import "../../utils/introspection/ERC165Upgradeable.sol";
import {Initializable} from "../../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the basic standard multi-token.
 * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155
 * Originally based on code by Enjin: https://github.com/enjin/erc-1155
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
contract ERC1155Upgradeable is Initializable, ContextUpgradeable, ERC165Upgradeable, IERC1155Upgradeable, IERC1155MetadataURIUpgradeable {
    using AddressUpgradeable for address;

    // Mapping from token ID to account balances
    mapping(uint256 => mapping(address => uint256)) private _balances;

    // Mapping from account to operator approvals
    mapping(address => mapping(address => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;

    // Used as the URI for all token types by relying on ID substitution, e.g. https://token-cdn-domain/{id}.json
    string private _uri;

    /**
     * @dev See {_setURI}.
     */
    function __ERC1155_init(string memory uri_) internal onlyInitializing {
        __ERC1155_init_unchained(uri_);
    }

    function __ERC1155_init_unchained(string memory uri_) internal onlyInitializing {
        _setURI(uri_);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165Upgradeable, IERC165Upgradeable) returns (bool) {
        return
            interfaceId == type(IERC1155Upgradeable).interfaceId ||
            interfaceId == type(IERC1155MetadataURIUpgradeable).interfaceId ||
            super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.
     *
     * This implementation returns the same URI for *all* token types. It relies
     * on the token type ID substitution mechanism
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata[defined in the EIP].
     *
     * Clients calling this function must replace the `\{id\}` substring with the
     * actual token type ID.
     */
    function uri(uint256) public view virtual override returns (string memory) {
        return _uri;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-balanceOf}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) public view virtual override returns (uint256) {
        require(account != address(0), "ERC1155: address zero is not a valid owner");
        return _balances[id][account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-balanceOfBatch}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `accounts` and `ids` must have the same length.
     */
    function balanceOfBatch(
        address[] memory accounts,
        uint256[] memory ids
    ) public view virtual override returns (uint256[] memory) {
        require(accounts.length == ids.length, "ERC1155: accounts and ids length mismatch");

        uint256[] memory batchBalances = new uint256[](accounts.length);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < accounts.length; ++i) {
            batchBalances[i] = balanceOf(accounts[i], ids[i]);
        }

        return batchBalances;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual override {
        _setApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-isApprovedForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return _operatorApprovals[account][operator];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-safeTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual override {
        require(
            from == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSender()),
            "ERC1155: caller is not token owner or approved"
        );
        _safeTransferFrom(from, to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC1155-safeBatchTransferFrom}.
     */
    function safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) public virtual override {
        require(
            from == _msgSender() || isApprovedForAll(from, _msgSender()),
            "ERC1155: caller is not token owner or approved"
        );
        _safeBatchTransferFrom(from, to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `amount`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: transfer to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();
        uint256[] memory ids = _asSingletonArray(id);
        uint256[] memory amounts = _asSingletonArray(amount);

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: insufficient balance for transfer");
        unchecked {
            _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
        }
        _balances[id][to] += amount;

        emit TransferSingle(operator, from, to, id, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, from, to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_safeTransferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: transfer to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
            uint256 id = ids[i];
            uint256 amount = amounts[i];

            uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
            require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: insufficient balance for transfer");
            unchecked {
                _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
            }
            _balances[id][to] += amount;
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, from, to, ids, amounts);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);

        _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, from, to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets a new URI for all token types, by relying on the token type ID
     * substitution mechanism
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata[defined in the EIP].
     *
     * By this mechanism, any occurrence of the `\{id\}` substring in either the
     * URI or any of the amounts in the JSON file at said URI will be replaced by
     * clients with the token type ID.
     *
     * For example, the `https://token-cdn-domain/\{id\}.json` URI would be
     * interpreted by clients as
     * `https://token-cdn-domain/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004cce0.json`
     * for token type ID 0x4cce0.
     *
     * See {uri}.
     *
     * Because these URIs cannot be meaningfully represented by the {URI} event,
     * this function emits no events.
     */
    function _setURI(string memory newuri) internal virtual {
        _uri = newuri;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates `amount` tokens of token type `id`, and assigns them to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _mint(address to, uint256 id, uint256 amount, bytes memory data) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: mint to the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();
        uint256[] memory ids = _asSingletonArray(id);
        uint256[] memory amounts = _asSingletonArray(amount);

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

        _balances[id][to] += amount;
        emit TransferSingle(operator, address(0), to, id, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

        _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, address(0), to, id, amount, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_mint}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function _mintBatch(
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {
        require(to != address(0), "ERC1155: mint to the zero address");
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            _balances[ids[i]][to] += amounts[i];
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);

        _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(operator, address(0), to, ids, amounts, data);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from`
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have at least `amount` tokens of token type `id`.
     */
    function _burn(address from, uint256 id, uint256 amount) internal virtual {
        require(from != address(0), "ERC1155: burn from the zero address");

        address operator = _msgSender();
        uint256[] memory ids = _asSingletonArray(id);
        uint256[] memory amounts = _asSingletonArray(amount);

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");

        uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
        require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: burn amount exceeds balance");
        unchecked {
            _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
        }

        emit TransferSingle(operator, from, address(0), id, amount);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {_burn}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     */
    function _burnBatch(address from, uint256[] memory ids, uint256[] memory amounts) internal virtual {
        require(from != address(0), "ERC1155: burn from the zero address");
        require(ids.length == amounts.length, "ERC1155: ids and amounts length mismatch");

        address operator = _msgSender();

        _beforeTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");

        for (uint256 i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            uint256 id = ids[i];
            uint256 amount = amounts[i];

            uint256 fromBalance = _balances[id][from];
            require(fromBalance >= amount, "ERC1155: burn amount exceeds balance");
            unchecked {
                _balances[id][from] = fromBalance - amount;
            }
        }

        emit TransferBatch(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts);

        _afterTokenTransfer(operator, from, address(0), ids, amounts, "");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Approve `operator` to operate on all of `owner` tokens
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function _setApprovalForAll(address owner, address operator, bool approved) internal virtual {
        require(owner != operator, "ERC1155: setting approval status for self");
        _operatorApprovals[owner][operator] = approved;
        emit ApprovalForAll(owner, operator, approved);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called before any token transfer. This includes minting
     * and burning, as well as batched variants.
     *
     * The same hook is called on both single and batched variants. For single
     * transfers, the length of the `ids` and `amounts` arrays will be 1.
     *
     * Calling conditions (for each `id` and `amount` pair):
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * of token type `id` will be  transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, `amount` tokens of token type `id` will be minted
     * for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens of token type `id`
     * will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     * - `ids` and `amounts` have the same, non-zero length.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _beforeTokenTransfer(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {}

    /**
     * @dev Hook that is called after any token transfer. This includes minting
     * and burning, as well as batched variants.
     *
     * The same hook is called on both single and batched variants. For single
     * transfers, the length of the `id` and `amount` arrays will be 1.
     *
     * Calling conditions (for each `id` and `amount` pair):
     *
     * - When `from` and `to` are both non-zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens
     * of token type `id` will be  transferred to `to`.
     * - When `from` is zero, `amount` tokens of token type `id` will be minted
     * for `to`.
     * - when `to` is zero, `amount` of ``from``'s tokens of token type `id`
     * will be burned.
     * - `from` and `to` are never both zero.
     * - `ids` and `amounts` have the same, non-zero length.
     *
     * To learn more about hooks, head to xref:ROOT:extending-contracts.adoc#using-hooks[Using Hooks].
     */
    function _afterTokenTransfer(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) internal virtual {}

    function _doSafeTransferAcceptanceCheck(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes memory data
    ) private {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IERC1155ReceiverUpgradeable(to).onERC1155Received(operator, from, id, amount, data) returns (bytes4 response) {
                if (response != IERC1155ReceiverUpgradeable.onERC1155Received.selector) {
                    revert("ERC1155: ERC1155Receiver rejected tokens");
                }
            } catch Error(string memory reason) {
                revert(reason);
            } catch {
                revert("ERC1155: transfer to non-ERC1155Receiver implementer");
            }
        }
    }

    function _doSafeBatchTransferAcceptanceCheck(
        address operator,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] memory ids,
        uint256[] memory amounts,
        bytes memory data
    ) private {
        if (to.isContract()) {
            try IERC1155ReceiverUpgradeable(to).onERC1155BatchReceived(operator, from, ids, amounts, data) returns (
                bytes4 response
            ) {
                if (response != IERC1155ReceiverUpgradeable.onERC1155BatchReceived.selector) {
                    revert("ERC1155: ERC1155Receiver rejected tokens");
                }
            } catch Error(string memory reason) {
                revert(reason);
            } catch {
                revert("ERC1155: transfer to non-ERC1155Receiver implementer");
            }
        }
    }

    function _asSingletonArray(uint256 element) private pure returns (uint256[] memory) {
        uint256[] memory array = new uint256[](1);
        array[0] = element;

        return array;
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[47] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library SignedMathUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.
     * The result is rounded towards zero.
     */
    function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight"
        int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);
        return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.
     */
    function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // must be unchecked in order to support `n = type(int256).min`
            return uint256(n >= 0 ? n : -n);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC1155/IERC1155.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165Upgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC1155 compliant contract, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155[EIP].
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155Upgradeable is IERC165Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens of token type `id` are transferred from `from` to `to` by `operator`.
     */
    event TransferSingle(address indexed operator, address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 id, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Equivalent to multiple {TransferSingle} events, where `operator`, `from` and `to` are the same for all
     * transfers.
     */
    event TransferBatch(
        address indexed operator,
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256[] ids,
        uint256[] values
    );

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `account` grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer their tokens, according to
     * `approved`.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed account, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the URI for token type `id` changes to `value`, if it is a non-programmatic URI.
     *
     * If an {URI} event was emitted for `id`, the standard
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata-extensions[guarantees] that `value` will equal the value
     * returned by {IERC1155MetadataURI-uri}.
     */
    event URI(string value, uint256 indexed id);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens of token type `id` owned by `account`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `account` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account, uint256 id) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {balanceOf}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `accounts` and `ids` must have the same length.
     */
    function balanceOfBatch(
        address[] calldata accounts,
        uint256[] calldata ids
    ) external view returns (uint256[] memory);

    /**
     * @dev Grants or revokes permission to `operator` to transfer the caller's tokens, according to `approved`,
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `operator` cannot be the caller.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `operator` is approved to transfer ``account``'s tokens.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}.
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address account, address operator) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `amount` tokens of token type `id` from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferSingle} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been approved to spend ``from``'s tokens via {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - `from` must have a balance of tokens of type `id` of at least `amount`.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155Received} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 id, uint256 amount, bytes calldata data) external;

    /**
     * @dev xref:ROOT:erc1155.adoc#batch-operations[Batched] version of {safeTransferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits a {TransferBatch} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `ids` and `amounts` must have the same length.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC1155Receiver-onERC1155BatchReceived} and return the
     * acceptance magic value.
     */
    function safeBatchTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata amounts,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (security/ReentrancyGuard.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import {Initializable} from "../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module that helps prevent reentrant calls to a function.
 *
 * Inheriting from `ReentrancyGuard` will make the {nonReentrant} modifier
 * available, which can be applied to functions to make sure there are no nested
 * (reentrant) calls to them.
 *
 * Note that because there is a single `nonReentrant` guard, functions marked as
 * `nonReentrant` may not call one another. This can be worked around by making
 * those functions `private`, and then adding `external` `nonReentrant` entry
 * points to them.
 *
 * TIP: If you would like to learn more about reentrancy and alternative ways
 * to protect against it, check out our blog post
 * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/reentrancy-after-istanbul/[Reentrancy After Istanbul].
 */
abstract contract ReentrancyGuardUpgradeable is Initializable {
    // Booleans are more expensive than uint256 or any type that takes up a full
    // word because each write operation emits an extra SLOAD to first read the
    // slot's contents, replace the bits taken up by the boolean, and then write
    // back. This is the compiler's defense against contract upgrades and
    // pointer aliasing, and it cannot be disabled.

    // The values being non-zero value makes deployment a bit more expensive,
    // but in exchange the refund on every call to nonReentrant will be lower in
    // amount. Since refunds are capped to a percentage of the total
    // transaction's gas, it is best to keep them low in cases like this one, to
    // increase the likelihood of the full refund coming into effect.
    uint256 private constant _NOT_ENTERED = 1;
    uint256 private constant _ENTERED = 2;

    uint256 private _status;

    function __ReentrancyGuard_init() internal onlyInitializing {
        __ReentrancyGuard_init_unchained();
    }

    function __ReentrancyGuard_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Prevents a contract from calling itself, directly or indirectly.
     * Calling a `nonReentrant` function from another `nonReentrant`
     * function is not supported. It is possible to prevent this from happening
     * by making the `nonReentrant` function external, and making it call a
     * `private` function that does the actual work.
     */
    modifier nonReentrant() {
        _nonReentrantBefore();
        _;
        _nonReentrantAfter();
    }

    function _nonReentrantBefore() private {
        // On the first call to nonReentrant, _status will be _NOT_ENTERED
        require(_status != _ENTERED, "ReentrancyGuard: reentrant call");

        // Any calls to nonReentrant after this point will fail
        _status = _ENTERED;
    }

    function _nonReentrantAfter() private {
        // By storing the original value once again, a refund is triggered (see
        // https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2200)
        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the reentrancy guard is currently set to "entered", which indicates there is a
     * `nonReentrant` function in the call stack.
     */
    function _reentrancyGuardEntered() internal view returns (bool) {
        return _status == _ENTERED;
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[49] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../StringsUpgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.
 *
 * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder
 * of the private keys of a given address.
 */
library ECDSAUpgradeable {
    enum RecoverError {
        NoError,
        InvalidSignature,
        InvalidSignatureLength,
        InvalidSignatureS,
        InvalidSignatureV // Deprecated in v4.8
    }

    function _throwError(RecoverError error) private pure {
        if (error == RecoverError.NoError) {
            return; // no error: do nothing
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignature) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature length");
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS) {
            revert("ECDSA: invalid signature 's' value");
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature` or error string. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     *
     * Documentation for signature generation:
     * - with https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-accounts.html#sign[Web3.js]
     * - with https://docs.ethers.io/v5/api/signer/#Signer-signMessage[ethers]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        if (signature.length == 65) {
            bytes32 r;
            bytes32 s;
            uint8 v;
            // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
            // currently is to use assembly.
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))
            }
            return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        } else {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature`. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM opcode allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, signature);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098[EIP-2098 short signatures]
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        bytes32 s = vs & bytes32(0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);
        uint8 v = uint8((uint256(vs) >> 255) + 27);
        return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `r and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.2._
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError) {
        // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature
        // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines
        // the valid range for s in (301): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (302): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most
        // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.
        //
        // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value
        // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or
        // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept
        // these malleable signatures as well.
        if (uint256(s) > 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS);
        }

        // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address
        address signer = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
        if (signer == address(0)) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignature);
        }

        return (signer, RecoverError.NoError);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error) = tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        _throwError(error);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from a `hash`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 hash) internal pure returns (bytes32 message) {
        // 32 is the length in bytes of hash,
        // enforced by the type signature above
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x00, "\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32")
            mstore(0x1c, hash)
            message := keccak256(0x00, 0x3c)
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Message, created from `s`. This
     * produces hash corresponding to the one signed with the
     * https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes memory s) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n", StringsUpgradeable.toString(s.length), s));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Typed Data, created from a
     * `domainSeparator` and a `structHash`. This produces hash corresponding
     * to the one signed with the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[`eth_signTypedData`]
     * JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-712.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toTypedDataHash(bytes32 domainSeparator, bytes32 structHash) internal pure returns (bytes32 data) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let ptr := mload(0x40)
            mstore(ptr, "\x19\x01")
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x02), domainSeparator)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x22), structHash)
            data := keccak256(ptr, 0x42)
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an Ethereum Signed Data with intended validator, created from a
     * `validator` and `data` according to the version 0 of EIP-191.
     *
     * See {recover}.
     */
    function toDataWithIntendedValidatorHash(address validator, bytes memory data) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("\x19\x00", validator, data));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./IERC165Upgradeable.sol";
import {Initializable} from "../../proxy/utils/Initializable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
 *
 * Contracts that want to implement ERC165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
 * for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
 *     return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Alternatively, {ERC165Storage} provides an easier to use but more expensive implementation.
 */
abstract contract ERC165Upgradeable is Initializable, IERC165Upgradeable {
    function __ERC165_init() internal onlyInitializing {
    }

    function __ERC165_init_unchained() internal onlyInitializing {
    }
    /**
     * @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
        return interfaceId == type(IERC165Upgradeable).interfaceId;
    }

    /**
     * @dev This empty reserved space is put in place to allow future versions to add new
     * variables without shifting down storage in the inheritance chain.
     * See https://docs.openzeppelin.com/contracts/4.x/upgradeable#storage_gaps
     */
    uint256[50] private __gap;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: BUSL-1.1
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import {Errors} from '../helpers/Errors.sol';
import {DataTypes} from '../types/DataTypes.sol';

/**
 * @title ReserveConfiguration library
 * @author Aave
 * @notice Implements the bitmap logic to handle the reserve configuration
 */
library ReserveConfiguration {
  uint256 internal constant LTV_MASK =                       0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF0000; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant LIQUIDATION_THRESHOLD_MASK =     0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF0000FFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant LIQUIDATION_BONUS_MASK =         0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF0000FFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant DECIMALS_MASK =                  0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF00FFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant ACTIVE_MASK =                    0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant FROZEN_MASK =                    0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFDFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant BORROWING_MASK =                 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFBFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant STABLE_BORROWING_MASK =          0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF7FFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant PAUSED_MASK =                    0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant BORROWABLE_IN_ISOLATION_MASK =   0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFDFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant SILOED_BORROWING_MASK =          0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFBFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant FLASHLOAN_ENABLED_MASK =         0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant RESERVE_FACTOR_MASK =            0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF0000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant BORROW_CAP_MASK =                0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF000000000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant SUPPLY_CAP_MASK =                0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF000000000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant LIQUIDATION_PROTOCOL_FEE_MASK =  0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF0000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant EMODE_CATEGORY_MASK =            0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF00FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant UNBACKED_MINT_CAP_MASK =         0xFFFFFFFFFFF000000000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore
  uint256 internal constant DEBT_CEILING_MASK =              0xF0000000000FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF; // prettier-ignore

  /// @dev For the LTV, the start bit is 0 (up to 15), hence no bitshifting is needed
  uint256 internal constant LIQUIDATION_THRESHOLD_START_BIT_POSITION = 16;
  uint256 internal constant LIQUIDATION_BONUS_START_BIT_POSITION = 32;
  uint256 internal constant RESERVE_DECIMALS_START_BIT_POSITION = 48;
  uint256 internal constant IS_ACTIVE_START_BIT_POSITION = 56;
  uint256 internal constant IS_FROZEN_START_BIT_POSITION = 57;
  uint256 internal constant BORROWING_ENABLED_START_BIT_POSITION = 58;
  uint256 internal constant STABLE_BORROWING_ENABLED_START_BIT_POSITION = 59;
  uint256 internal constant IS_PAUSED_START_BIT_POSITION = 60;
  uint256 internal constant BORROWABLE_IN_ISOLATION_START_BIT_POSITION = 61;
  uint256 internal constant SILOED_BORROWING_START_BIT_POSITION = 62;
  uint256 internal constant FLASHLOAN_ENABLED_START_BIT_POSITION = 63;
  uint256 internal constant RESERVE_FACTOR_START_BIT_POSITION = 64;
  uint256 internal constant BORROW_CAP_START_BIT_POSITION = 80;
  uint256 internal constant SUPPLY_CAP_START_BIT_POSITION = 116;
  uint256 internal constant LIQUIDATION_PROTOCOL_FEE_START_BIT_POSITION = 152;
  uint256 internal constant EMODE_CATEGORY_START_BIT_POSITION = 168;
  uint256 internal constant UNBACKED_MINT_CAP_START_BIT_POSITION = 176;
  uint256 internal constant DEBT_CEILING_START_BIT_POSITION = 212;

  uint256 internal constant MAX_VALID_LTV = 65535;
  uint256 internal constant MAX_VALID_LIQUIDATION_THRESHOLD = 65535;
  uint256 internal constant MAX_VALID_LIQUIDATION_BONUS = 65535;
  uint256 internal constant MAX_VALID_DECIMALS = 255;
  uint256 internal constant MAX_VALID_RESERVE_FACTOR = 65535;
  uint256 internal constant MAX_VALID_BORROW_CAP = 68719476735;
  uint256 internal constant MAX_VALID_SUPPLY_CAP = 68719476735;
  uint256 internal constant MAX_VALID_LIQUIDATION_PROTOCOL_FEE = 65535;
  uint256 internal constant MAX_VALID_EMODE_CATEGORY = 255;
  uint256 internal constant MAX_VALID_UNBACKED_MINT_CAP = 68719476735;
  uint256 internal constant MAX_VALID_DEBT_CEILING = 1099511627775;

  uint256 public constant DEBT_CEILING_DECIMALS = 2;
  uint16 public constant MAX_RESERVES_COUNT = 128;

  /**
   * @notice Sets the Loan to Value of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param ltv The new ltv
   */
  function setLtv(DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self, uint256 ltv) internal pure {
    require(ltv <= MAX_VALID_LTV, Errors.INVALID_LTV);

    self.data = (self.data & LTV_MASK) | ltv;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the Loan to Value of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The loan to value
   */
  function getLtv(DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return self.data & ~LTV_MASK;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the liquidation threshold of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param threshold The new liquidation threshold
   */
  function setLiquidationThreshold(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    uint256 threshold
  ) internal pure {
    require(threshold <= MAX_VALID_LIQUIDATION_THRESHOLD, Errors.INVALID_LIQ_THRESHOLD);

    self.data =
      (self.data & LIQUIDATION_THRESHOLD_MASK) |
      (threshold << LIQUIDATION_THRESHOLD_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the liquidation threshold of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The liquidation threshold
   */
  function getLiquidationThreshold(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return (self.data & ~LIQUIDATION_THRESHOLD_MASK) >> LIQUIDATION_THRESHOLD_START_BIT_POSITION;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the liquidation bonus of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param bonus The new liquidation bonus
   */
  function setLiquidationBonus(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    uint256 bonus
  ) internal pure {
    require(bonus <= MAX_VALID_LIQUIDATION_BONUS, Errors.INVALID_LIQ_BONUS);

    self.data =
      (self.data & LIQUIDATION_BONUS_MASK) |
      (bonus << LIQUIDATION_BONUS_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the liquidation bonus of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The liquidation bonus
   */
  function getLiquidationBonus(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return (self.data & ~LIQUIDATION_BONUS_MASK) >> LIQUIDATION_BONUS_START_BIT_POSITION;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the decimals of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param decimals The decimals
   */
  function setDecimals(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    uint256 decimals
  ) internal pure {
    require(decimals <= MAX_VALID_DECIMALS, Errors.INVALID_DECIMALS);

    self.data = (self.data & DECIMALS_MASK) | (decimals << RESERVE_DECIMALS_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the decimals of the underlying asset of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The decimals of the asset
   */
  function getDecimals(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return (self.data & ~DECIMALS_MASK) >> RESERVE_DECIMALS_START_BIT_POSITION;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the active state of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param active The active state
   */
  function setActive(DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self, bool active) internal pure {
    self.data =
      (self.data & ACTIVE_MASK) |
      (uint256(active ? 1 : 0) << IS_ACTIVE_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the active state of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The active state
   */
  function getActive(DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self) internal pure returns (bool) {
    return (self.data & ~ACTIVE_MASK) != 0;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the frozen state of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param frozen The frozen state
   */
  function setFrozen(DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self, bool frozen) internal pure {
    self.data =
      (self.data & FROZEN_MASK) |
      (uint256(frozen ? 1 : 0) << IS_FROZEN_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the frozen state of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The frozen state
   */
  function getFrozen(DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self) internal pure returns (bool) {
    return (self.data & ~FROZEN_MASK) != 0;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the paused state of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param paused The paused state
   */
  function setPaused(DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self, bool paused) internal pure {
    self.data =
      (self.data & PAUSED_MASK) |
      (uint256(paused ? 1 : 0) << IS_PAUSED_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the paused state of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The paused state
   */
  function getPaused(DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self) internal pure returns (bool) {
    return (self.data & ~PAUSED_MASK) != 0;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the borrowable in isolation flag for the reserve.
   * @dev When this flag is set to true, the asset will be borrowable against isolated collaterals and the borrowed
   * amount will be accumulated in the isolated collateral's total debt exposure.
   * @dev Only assets of the same family (eg USD stablecoins) should be borrowable in isolation mode to keep
   * consistency in the debt ceiling calculations.
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param borrowable True if the asset is borrowable
   */
  function setBorrowableInIsolation(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    bool borrowable
  ) internal pure {
    self.data =
      (self.data & BORROWABLE_IN_ISOLATION_MASK) |
      (uint256(borrowable ? 1 : 0) << BORROWABLE_IN_ISOLATION_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the borrowable in isolation flag for the reserve.
   * @dev If the returned flag is true, the asset is borrowable against isolated collateral. Assets borrowed with
   * isolated collateral is accounted for in the isolated collateral's total debt exposure.
   * @dev Only assets of the same family (eg USD stablecoins) should be borrowable in isolation mode to keep
   * consistency in the debt ceiling calculations.
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The borrowable in isolation flag
   */
  function getBorrowableInIsolation(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (bool) {
    return (self.data & ~BORROWABLE_IN_ISOLATION_MASK) != 0;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the siloed borrowing flag for the reserve.
   * @dev When this flag is set to true, users borrowing this asset will not be allowed to borrow any other asset.
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param siloed True if the asset is siloed
   */
  function setSiloedBorrowing(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    bool siloed
  ) internal pure {
    self.data =
      (self.data & SILOED_BORROWING_MASK) |
      (uint256(siloed ? 1 : 0) << SILOED_BORROWING_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the siloed borrowing flag for the reserve.
   * @dev When this flag is set to true, users borrowing this asset will not be allowed to borrow any other asset.
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The siloed borrowing flag
   */
  function getSiloedBorrowing(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (bool) {
    return (self.data & ~SILOED_BORROWING_MASK) != 0;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Enables or disables borrowing on the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param enabled True if the borrowing needs to be enabled, false otherwise
   */
  function setBorrowingEnabled(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    bool enabled
  ) internal pure {
    self.data =
      (self.data & BORROWING_MASK) |
      (uint256(enabled ? 1 : 0) << BORROWING_ENABLED_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the borrowing state of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The borrowing state
   */
  function getBorrowingEnabled(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (bool) {
    return (self.data & ~BORROWING_MASK) != 0;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Enables or disables stable rate borrowing on the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param enabled True if the stable rate borrowing needs to be enabled, false otherwise
   */
  function setStableRateBorrowingEnabled(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    bool enabled
  ) internal pure {
    self.data =
      (self.data & STABLE_BORROWING_MASK) |
      (uint256(enabled ? 1 : 0) << STABLE_BORROWING_ENABLED_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the stable rate borrowing state of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The stable rate borrowing state
   */
  function getStableRateBorrowingEnabled(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (bool) {
    return (self.data & ~STABLE_BORROWING_MASK) != 0;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the reserve factor of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param reserveFactor The reserve factor
   */
  function setReserveFactor(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    uint256 reserveFactor
  ) internal pure {
    require(reserveFactor <= MAX_VALID_RESERVE_FACTOR, Errors.INVALID_RESERVE_FACTOR);

    self.data =
      (self.data & RESERVE_FACTOR_MASK) |
      (reserveFactor << RESERVE_FACTOR_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the reserve factor of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The reserve factor
   */
  function getReserveFactor(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return (self.data & ~RESERVE_FACTOR_MASK) >> RESERVE_FACTOR_START_BIT_POSITION;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the borrow cap of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param borrowCap The borrow cap
   */
  function setBorrowCap(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    uint256 borrowCap
  ) internal pure {
    require(borrowCap <= MAX_VALID_BORROW_CAP, Errors.INVALID_BORROW_CAP);

    self.data = (self.data & BORROW_CAP_MASK) | (borrowCap << BORROW_CAP_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the borrow cap of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The borrow cap
   */
  function getBorrowCap(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return (self.data & ~BORROW_CAP_MASK) >> BORROW_CAP_START_BIT_POSITION;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the supply cap of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param supplyCap The supply cap
   */
  function setSupplyCap(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    uint256 supplyCap
  ) internal pure {
    require(supplyCap <= MAX_VALID_SUPPLY_CAP, Errors.INVALID_SUPPLY_CAP);

    self.data = (self.data & SUPPLY_CAP_MASK) | (supplyCap << SUPPLY_CAP_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the supply cap of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The supply cap
   */
  function getSupplyCap(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return (self.data & ~SUPPLY_CAP_MASK) >> SUPPLY_CAP_START_BIT_POSITION;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the debt ceiling in isolation mode for the asset
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param ceiling The maximum debt ceiling for the asset
   */
  function setDebtCeiling(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    uint256 ceiling
  ) internal pure {
    require(ceiling <= MAX_VALID_DEBT_CEILING, Errors.INVALID_DEBT_CEILING);

    self.data = (self.data & DEBT_CEILING_MASK) | (ceiling << DEBT_CEILING_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the debt ceiling for the asset if the asset is in isolation mode
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The debt ceiling (0 = isolation mode disabled)
   */
  function getDebtCeiling(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return (self.data & ~DEBT_CEILING_MASK) >> DEBT_CEILING_START_BIT_POSITION;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the liquidation protocol fee of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param liquidationProtocolFee The liquidation protocol fee
   */
  function setLiquidationProtocolFee(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    uint256 liquidationProtocolFee
  ) internal pure {
    require(
      liquidationProtocolFee <= MAX_VALID_LIQUIDATION_PROTOCOL_FEE,
      Errors.INVALID_LIQUIDATION_PROTOCOL_FEE
    );

    self.data =
      (self.data & LIQUIDATION_PROTOCOL_FEE_MASK) |
      (liquidationProtocolFee << LIQUIDATION_PROTOCOL_FEE_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Gets the liquidation protocol fee
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The liquidation protocol fee
   */
  function getLiquidationProtocolFee(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return
      (self.data & ~LIQUIDATION_PROTOCOL_FEE_MASK) >> LIQUIDATION_PROTOCOL_FEE_START_BIT_POSITION;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the unbacked mint cap of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param unbackedMintCap The unbacked mint cap
   */
  function setUnbackedMintCap(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    uint256 unbackedMintCap
  ) internal pure {
    require(unbackedMintCap <= MAX_VALID_UNBACKED_MINT_CAP, Errors.INVALID_UNBACKED_MINT_CAP);

    self.data =
      (self.data & UNBACKED_MINT_CAP_MASK) |
      (unbackedMintCap << UNBACKED_MINT_CAP_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Gets the unbacked mint cap of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The unbacked mint cap
   */
  function getUnbackedMintCap(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return (self.data & ~UNBACKED_MINT_CAP_MASK) >> UNBACKED_MINT_CAP_START_BIT_POSITION;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the eMode asset category
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param category The asset category when the user selects the eMode
   */
  function setEModeCategory(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    uint256 category
  ) internal pure {
    require(category <= MAX_VALID_EMODE_CATEGORY, Errors.INVALID_EMODE_CATEGORY);

    self.data = (self.data & EMODE_CATEGORY_MASK) | (category << EMODE_CATEGORY_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @dev Gets the eMode asset category
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The eMode category for the asset
   */
  function getEModeCategory(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
    return (self.data & ~EMODE_CATEGORY_MASK) >> EMODE_CATEGORY_START_BIT_POSITION;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Sets the flashloanable flag for the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @param flashLoanEnabled True if the asset is flashloanable, false otherwise
   */
  function setFlashLoanEnabled(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self,
    bool flashLoanEnabled
  ) internal pure {
    self.data =
      (self.data & FLASHLOAN_ENABLED_MASK) |
      (uint256(flashLoanEnabled ? 1 : 0) << FLASHLOAN_ENABLED_START_BIT_POSITION);
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the flashloanable flag for the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The flashloanable flag
   */
  function getFlashLoanEnabled(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (bool) {
    return (self.data & ~FLASHLOAN_ENABLED_MASK) != 0;
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the configuration flags of the reserve
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The state flag representing active
   * @return The state flag representing frozen
   * @return The state flag representing borrowing enabled
   * @return The state flag representing stableRateBorrowing enabled
   * @return The state flag representing paused
   */
  function getFlags(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (bool, bool, bool, bool, bool) {
    uint256 dataLocal = self.data;

    return (
      (dataLocal & ~ACTIVE_MASK) != 0,
      (dataLocal & ~FROZEN_MASK) != 0,
      (dataLocal & ~BORROWING_MASK) != 0,
      (dataLocal & ~STABLE_BORROWING_MASK) != 0,
      (dataLocal & ~PAUSED_MASK) != 0
    );
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the configuration parameters of the reserve from storage
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The state param representing ltv
   * @return The state param representing liquidation threshold
   * @return The state param representing liquidation bonus
   * @return The state param representing reserve decimals
   * @return The state param representing reserve factor
   * @return The state param representing eMode category
   */
  function getParams(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (uint256, uint256, uint256, uint256, uint256, uint256) {
    uint256 dataLocal = self.data;

    return (
      dataLocal & ~LTV_MASK,
      (dataLocal & ~LIQUIDATION_THRESHOLD_MASK) >> LIQUIDATION_THRESHOLD_START_BIT_POSITION,
      (dataLocal & ~LIQUIDATION_BONUS_MASK) >> LIQUIDATION_BONUS_START_BIT_POSITION,
      (dataLocal & ~DECIMALS_MASK) >> RESERVE_DECIMALS_START_BIT_POSITION,
      (dataLocal & ~RESERVE_FACTOR_MASK) >> RESERVE_FACTOR_START_BIT_POSITION,
      (dataLocal & ~EMODE_CATEGORY_MASK) >> EMODE_CATEGORY_START_BIT_POSITION
    );
  }

  /**
   * @notice Gets the caps parameters of the reserve from storage
   * @param self The reserve configuration
   * @return The state param representing borrow cap
   * @return The state param representing supply cap.
   */
  function getCaps(
    DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap memory self
  ) internal pure returns (uint256, uint256) {
    uint256 dataLocal = self.data;

    return (
      (dataLocal & ~BORROW_CAP_MASK) >> BORROW_CAP_START_BIT_POSITION,
      (dataLocal & ~SUPPLY_CAP_MASK) >> SUPPLY_CAP_START_BIT_POSITION
    );
  }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.5.0) (token/ERC1155/IERC1155Receiver.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165Upgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155ReceiverUpgradeable is IERC165Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Handles the receipt of a single ERC1155 token type. This function is
     * called at the end of a `safeTransferFrom` after the balance has been updated.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer, this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0xf23a6e61, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which initiated the transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param id The ID of the token being transferred
     * @param value The amount of tokens being transferred
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155Received(address,address,uint256,uint256,bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
     */
    function onERC1155Received(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256 id,
        uint256 value,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);

    /**
     * @dev Handles the receipt of a multiple ERC1155 token types. This function
     * is called at the end of a `safeBatchTransferFrom` after the balances have
     * been updated.
     *
     * NOTE: To accept the transfer(s), this must return
     * `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))`
     * (i.e. 0xbc197c81, or its own function selector).
     *
     * @param operator The address which initiated the batch transfer (i.e. msg.sender)
     * @param from The address which previously owned the token
     * @param ids An array containing ids of each token being transferred (order and length must match values array)
     * @param values An array containing amounts of each token being transferred (order and length must match ids array)
     * @param data Additional data with no specified format
     * @return `bytes4(keccak256("onERC1155BatchReceived(address,address,uint256[],uint256[],bytes)"))` if transfer is allowed
     */
    function onERC1155BatchReceived(
        address operator,
        address from,
        uint256[] calldata ids,
        uint256[] calldata values,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external returns (bytes4);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/cryptography/SignatureChecker.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./ECDSAUpgradeable.sol";
import "../../interfaces/IERC1271Upgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Signature verification helper that can be used instead of `ECDSA.recover` to seamlessly support both ECDSA
 * signatures from externally owned accounts (EOAs) as well as ERC1271 signatures from smart contract wallets like
 * Argent and Gnosis Safe.
 *
 * _Available since v4.1._
 */
library SignatureCheckerUpgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Checks if a signature is valid for a given signer and data hash. If the signer is a smart contract, the
     * signature is validated against that smart contract using ERC1271, otherwise it's validated using `ECDSA.recover`.
     *
     * NOTE: Unlike ECDSA signatures, contract signatures are revocable, and the outcome of this function can thus
     * change through time. It could return true at block N and false at block N+1 (or the opposite).
     */
    function isValidSignatureNow(address signer, bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal view returns (bool) {
        (address recovered, ECDSAUpgradeable.RecoverError error) = ECDSAUpgradeable.tryRecover(hash, signature);
        return
            (error == ECDSAUpgradeable.RecoverError.NoError && recovered == signer) ||
            isValidERC1271SignatureNow(signer, hash, signature);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Checks if a signature is valid for a given signer and data hash. The signature is validated
     * against the signer smart contract using ERC1271.
     *
     * NOTE: Unlike ECDSA signatures, contract signatures are revocable, and the outcome of this function can thus
     * change through time. It could return true at block N and false at block N+1 (or the opposite).
     */
    function isValidERC1271SignatureNow(
        address signer,
        bytes32 hash,
        bytes memory signature
    ) internal view returns (bool) {
        (bool success, bytes memory result) = signer.staticcall(
            abi.encodeWithSelector(IERC1271Upgradeable.isValidSignature.selector, hash, signature)
        );
        return (success &&
            result.length >= 32 &&
            abi.decode(result, (bytes32)) == bytes32(IERC1271Upgradeable.isValidSignature.selector));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC1155/extensions/IERC1155MetadataURI.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC1155Upgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface of the optional ERC1155MetadataExtension interface, as defined
 * in the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1155#metadata-extensions[EIP].
 *
 * _Available since v3.1._
 */
interface IERC1155MetadataURIUpgradeable is IERC1155Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the URI for token type `id`.
     *
     * If the `\{id\}` substring is present in the URI, it must be replaced by
     * clients with the actual token type ID.
     */
    function uri(uint256 id) external view returns (string memory);
}